Didactic games on visual arts in the dou. Card index - educational and didactic games for art Didactic games for drawing 4 5 years
Didactic games and color science exercises.
Didactic game "Scarves and hats"
These bears are going for a walk. They had already tied their scarves, but had mixed up their hats. Help them figure out whose hat is whose. How can you find out? Look at the scarves (these are clues). Match the hats to the color of the scarves. Choose a hat for the bear with a yellow scarf (blue, green...). Name the colors of the hats in order - from top to bottom: green, yellow... And now vice versa - from bottom to top - purple, orange... Remember what color is your hat? Look at the bears and say whether they are the same or different colors. (These are different shades of brown.) Which bear is your favorite?
Didactic game "Colored tea party at Masha and Dasha's"
Dolls invite girlfriends for tea. Help them set the table. Look: there are a lot of dishes, but two dolls. This means that all the dishes need to be divided equally into two sets. But for a reason: this is Masha, and this is Dasha. Let's think together about how best to distribute the dishes. Are the dishes the same color or different? What color are the dolls' clothes? Which dishes are more suitable for a doll with a red bow? (A teapot and cups and saucers with red polka dots, a red sugar bowl with white polka dots and a vase with a red flower.) What kind of dishes should be selected for the doll in blue? Name what each of the dolls will put on the table for their guests.
Didactic game "Why should we finish building the house!”
These houses were built and built, but they were not completed. And they were conceived so that two colors alternated in each. Complete the houses. What parts need to be placed on top? Find a house that has two green cubes at the bottom. What color cube is on top? (Red.) What cubes did you put in next? (Green.) So, which cube should be placed on top? Find him in the row on the right. Examine each building (the rest can be closed) and pick up the missing parts. Show me a house made of orange and green cubes. Made from yellow and green bricks? Name the colored parts from which the rest of the houses were built.
Didactic game"The Motley Clown"
The clown is preparing to perform. Help him dress up. The clown's clothes are always the opposite. One sleeve is green, and the glove on the same hand is red. The other sleeve is red, and the glove on this hand is green. Let's take a look together. What's on the clown's head? Where's the green cap? What kind of pompom should be sewn to it? (Red.) Which pom-pom is suitable for a red cap? (Green.) Find the same color on the umbrella. Show me a glove of the same color. Which hand will the clown put it on? Show and name everything red. Where is the red shoe? Which foot will the clown put his shoes on? Name the color of the button and find this color on the umbrella.
Didactic game"Delicious" palette"
Name each picture and find its color on the palette. Pick up all the pairs: lemon - lemon... (etc.) Now try to guess what other colors can be called. Find the carrot among the pictures and the matching one on the palette. What is the name of this color? (Orange.) But you can say it in another way - carrot. Show beetroot color on your palette. Lilac. Olive. If it’s difficult, compare with images of fruits and flowers. What would you call the color of plum? (Purple, or otherwise plum.) How is yellow different from lemon? (Lemon is a shade of yellow with a slight hint of green.)
Didactic game "Color nuances"
Sometimes artists paint copies of their paintings, which completely repeat the original (the first, main work) or have some differences. Compare these still lifes and find 5 differences. At first glance, they seem the same. Look closely at the coloring of both paintings, compare all the objects in pairs. And then try to draw your own still life from life. Take a vase or jug. Place it on the table. Place large, bright fruits nearby. Stand back and admire. If necessary, move the objects of the still life in search of the most interesting composition. And start drawing, checking with nature. Be more attentive to color.
Didactic game "The berries are ripe"
Look how the raspberry ripened: at first it was almost white, then it turned slightly pink, and so it gradually ripened - from light pink to crimson. All stages of raspberry ripening are shown exactly in order from top to bottom. The stages of plum ripening are confused. Restore the correct order by comparing with raspberries. What was the plum like at first? What shade did it acquire when it was slightly ripe? Where is the ripe plum? Compare ripe raspberries and plums. Which one is cold and which one is warm?
Didactic game "Magic Colors"
Goal: during the game, to develop children’s attention and interest in various colors and shades, a feeling of joy when perceiving the beauty of nature.
Material: cards with different colors.
Game description: give children cards with squares of different colors. Then the teacher says a word, for example: birch. Those children who have black, white and green squares raise them up.
Then the teacher says the next word, for example: rainbow, and the squares are raised by those children whose colors correspond to the colors of the rainbow. The children’s task is to respond as quickly as possible to the words spoken by the teacher.
Didactic game “Funny Colors”
Goal: to introduce children to primary and composite colors, the principles of color mixing.
Material: cards with pictures of girls-paints, signs “+”, “-”, “=”, paints, brushes, paper, palette.
Progress of the game: by mixing colors, solve “examples” like “red + yellow = orange”, “green - yellow = blue”.
Didactic game “Primary and Composite Colors”(based on the principle of the game “Funny Colors”)
Didactic game “Match the color of the object”
Goal: to introduce children 3-4 years old to the color spectrum, to exercise their ability to correlate color cards with the color of an object.
Materials: cards with different colors, cards with images of objects.
Progress of the game. Children take one colored card, each child must choose from the pictures provided the image of the object that matches its color.
Didactic game “What colors are in the picture”
Goal: to train children in the ability to identify colors in a picture.
Material: Colored applications, tablet with pockets (8 pcs.), cards with different colors.
Progress of the game: the child is offered a color application and a set of color cards; he needs to place cards with the colors that are present in the application on the tablet.
Didactic game "Caterpillars"
Target. Exercise children in determining warm or cold colors, in the ability to arrange colors in shades from light to dark, and vice versa.
Material: colored circles of warm and cold colors, image of a caterpillar's head.
Progress of the game. Children are invited to use the circles provided to create a caterpillar with a cold color scheme (warm) or a caterpillar with a light muzzle and a dark tail (dark muzzle and light tail).
Appendix 4.
Exercises to develop form-building movements using stencils, templates, and planar figures.
Didactic game "Balls"
Goal: to develop in children the ability to perform circular movements when drawing a ball in a closed circle, relying on visual control and eyes closed.
Progress of the lesson. The teacher invites the children to look at a panel in which a kitten plays with balls of thread that he has unwound. Then he invites the children to collect the threads into a ball and shows how the threads are collected into a ball, imitating with the movements of a pencil winding the threads into a ball.
Periodically, the teacher invites children to close their eyes and perform movements with their eyes closed.
In order for children to show interest in work, you can give them the opportunity to draw a lot of balls, arrange a competition: who can draw the most balls.
Didactic game “Match a toy to the image”
Purpose of the game: to teach children visual analysis of the silhouette and shape of a real object. Exercise your vision in identifying shapes in a planar image and a three-dimensional object.
Progress of the game. Children are given cards with silhouette images. There are bulky objects on the tray: toys, construction material. The teacher suggests placing an object of the appropriate shape under each silhouette.
The one who fills all the cells the fastest wins.
Game options can be varied. For example, the picture shows real objects, children select silhouette images cut out of cardboard and apply them to real images.
The formation of methods for comparison, analysis of objects and their images is an effective method of enriching subject concepts. This is facilitated by games such as “Place an object on its image”, “Make an object from parts”, “Find the same object”, “Find the same half of an object, image”.
In this case, it is important to take into account the individual discriminating capabilities of vision. If visual acuity is low and there are no image perception skills, it is better to begin work on comparing an object with its real, color image, and then you can move on to comparing the object with a silhouette image.
Didactic exercise“Let’s draw how the plates are arranged on the table”
Goal: to train children in drawing round and oval shapes, to develop the ability to distinguish objects by size from large to small.
To complete the exercise, children are given stencils with slots for three circles of different sizes and slots for three ovals located between the circles. The ovals are also of different sizes, with handles attached to them.
Progress of the lesson. The teacher says: “Children, three bears came to visit us. Let's treat them. For this we need utensils: plates and spoons.” The teacher shows the children stencils and suggests tracing circles and ovals, and then adding handles to the ovals to make a spoon.
After completing the task, the bears and the children watch how all the work is done and compare it with the real table setting, where the plates and spoons are located. Here you can also clarify which side of the plate the spoon is located on.
Didactic exercise “Let’s decorate objects”
Goal: to train children in the ability to fill limited space in accordance with the given shape of objects.
Progress of the lesson. The teacher offers the children stencils with shaped slots various items: dresses, hats, towels, handkerchiefs, cups, scarves, etc.
Then the children paint the given space with colored images. Depending on the level of development of visual skills, the complexity of the contours of objects is determined for each child individually: one paints a towel, the other a dress.
Such exercises enrich children's impressions of the shape of real objects, teach them to notice the commonality between them, in particular, that all objects are painted with colored stripes, they are all different (dishes, clothes, linen, etc.). This is how children develop the ability to generalize objects according to one similar feature, regardless of their functional purpose.
Didactic game “Assemble an animal from figures”
Goal: to train children in making figures of various animals (humans) from prepared templates of round and oval shapes.
Materials: templates of parts of different animals.
Progress of the game. Assemble an animal from the proposed parts, name what kind of animal it turns out to be, name what figures it consists of, what these figures represent (head, torso, paws, tail, ears).
Didactic game “Symmetrical objects (jugs, vases, pots)”
Goal: to strengthen with children the idea of symmetrical objects, familiarization with the profession of a potter.
Materials: templates of jugs and vases, cut along the axis of symmetry.
Progress of the game. The potter broke all the pots and vases that he had made for sale at the fair. All the fragments were mixed up. We need to help the potter collect and “glue” all his products.
Appendix 5
Arts and crafts
Didactic game “Find the odd one out”
Didactic tasks: learn to find items of a certain craft among those offered; develop attention, observation, speech - evidence.
Material: 3-4 products (or cards with their image) from one craft and one from any other. Game rules: The winner is the one who quickly and correctly finds the extra product, i.e. different from others, and will be able to explain his choice. Progress of the game: 4-5 items are displayed. You should find the extra one and explain why, what trade it belongs to, what is characteristic of it. Options: the game may have a permanent host. The player who answers correctly receives a chip (token). The winner will be the one who collects the most tokens.
Didactic game “What has changed”
Didactic tasks: consolidate the idea of any painting, develop observation, attention, memory and speed of reaction, learn to analyze, find differences in the patterns of different objects and be able to explain them.
Material: items from various crafts. Game rules: The player who first notices the change must quickly raise his hand to respond, correctly identifying what has changed. If the answer is correct, he becomes the leader. Progress of the game: The teacher (or presenter) places five objects of different colors in front of the players. Having carefully examined them, remembering the location, the players turn away. The presenter swaps objects and removes some. The players' task is to guess what has changed. If the problem is solved, another leader is chosen and the game continues. Options: players can not only name a new item or the one that the leader removed, but also describe it.
Didactic game “Find out the elements of the pattern”
Didactic tasks: to clarify and consolidate the idea of the main elements of any painting, to learn to isolate individual elements of a pattern, to develop observation, attention, memory and speed of reaction, to arouse interest in painting. Material: large cards, decorated with some kind of painting, at the bottom of which there are three or four free windows. Small cards with individual pattern elements, including painting options that differ in color and details. Game rules: determine which of the proposed cards depicting elements of the painting match the pattern elements of the main card.
Progress of the game: having received large map and several small ones, after carefully examining them, the players select those elements that are found in the pattern and place them in empty windows. The leader monitors the correct completion of the task.
Didactic game"Make a pattern"
Didactic tasks: learn to compose decorative compositions - arrange elements, selecting them by color - on a variety of silhouettes in the style of a particular craft, develop a sense of symmetry, rhythm, observation, creativity. Material: planar images of various objects; elements of painting, cut along the contour; samples of patterned silhouettes. Game rules: make a pattern on the selected silhouette from individual elements in accordance with the rules and traditions of this painting. Progress of the game: One child or a group can take part in the game. The players choose the silhouettes of objects to decorate at will. Having selected the required number of elements, a pattern is made. The player can perform the work by copying the pattern of samples or inventing his own composition.
Didactic game"Cut pictures"
Didactic tasks: consolidate knowledge about expressive means used in various crafts, practice compiling a whole picture from individual parts, develop attention, concentration, desire to achieve results, observation, creativity, and arouse interest in objects of decorative art. Material: two identical planar images of various objects, one of which is cut into pieces. Game rules: quickly assemble a product from individual parts in accordance with the sample. Progress of the game: One child or a group can take part in the game. The teacher shows samples and gives the opportunity to look at them carefully. At a signal from an adult, the players assemble an image of a product from parts. The one who completes the task first wins.
Didactic game “Make a Khokhloma pattern”
Didactic tasks: consolidate children's ability to compose Khokhloma patterns using appliqué. Fix the names of the elements of the painting: “sedges”, “blades of grass”, “trefoils”, “droplets”, “criul”. Maintain interest in Khokhloma fishery. Material: stencils of dishes by Khokhloma artists made of paper in yellow, red, black colors, a set of elements of Khokhloma painting. Game rules: children are offered a set of elements of Khokhloma painting, from which they must lay out a pattern on a stencil of dishes using the appliqué method.
Didactic game “Gorodets Patterns”
Didactic tasks: strengthen children’s ability to compose Gorodets patterns, recognize the elements of painting, remember the order of the pattern, and independently select the color and shade for it. Develop imagination, the ability to use acquired knowledge to compose a composition. Material: stencils of Gorodets yellow paper products (cutting boards, dishes, etc.), a set of elements of Gorodets painting (paper stencils). Game rules: children are offered a set of plant elements and figures of a horse and a bird. They must lay out the pattern on the stencil using the appliqué method.
Didactic game “Art Clock”
Didactic tasks: consolidate children's knowledge about folk arts and crafts, the ability to find the right craft among others and justify their choice. Material: a tablet in the shape of a clock (instead of numbers there are pictures of different crafts pasted on). Cubes and chips. Game rules: The player rolls the dice and counts how many points he has. Counts the required amount with an arrow (counting starts from the top, in the picture instead of the number 12). You need to talk about the fishery that the arrow points to. For the correct answer - a chip. The one who collects the most chips wins.
Didactic game"Decorate the tray"
Didactic tasks: consolidate knowledge about Zhostovo painting - its color, its constituent elements; learn to place a pattern; develop a sense of rhythm and composition; to form an aesthetic attitude towards folk art. Material: stencils of trays of different shapes, cut out of cardboard, various flowers, casting in size, shape, color. Game rule: take one element at a time. Game action: Having chosen a tray of a certain shape, arrange the pattern.
Didactic game “Which painting is the bird from”
Material: images of birds of Gorodets, Khokhloma, Dymkovo, Gzhel crafts.
Game action: name the type of arts and crafts, find birds of unknown types of painting and not related to arts and crafts.
Didactic game “Help Dunno”
Didactic tasks: consolidation of knowledge about the arts and crafts of the Russian people.
Material: images of various types of arts and crafts.
Game action: determine what type of folk craft the image belongs to, prove it by naming the features of a particular painting.
Appendix 6.
Genres of painting
Didactic game "Artists-restorers".
Option 1.
Children use individual pieces to music (“Song about Paintings”, lyrics by A. Kushner, music by G. Gladkov) to restore the painting. Upon completion of the work, its genre is called. The colored cards earned by each child are counted and the number of points scored is written on a blank sheet with the child's name on it. (The points earned by the child will help the teacher in diagnosing knowledge and skills in visual arts.)
Option 2.
Paintings need to be stored carefully, so museums always maintain a certain temperature and humidity, and the windows are closed from bright sunlight. But over time, cracks may appear in the paintings, and pieces may even break off. Help me “restore” this still life. Find suitable fragments. What is still life? What do you see in this still life?
Didactic game “Choose the word”
Goal: develop the ability to select the right words for a picture
Material: reproduction of a painting.
Game description: It often happens that you really like a picture, but it’s difficult to talk about it, it’s difficult to find the right words. The teacher names 2-3 words, and the children choose one of them that is most suitable for this picture, and explain their choice.
For example, I. Mashkov’s painting “Moscow Food. Bread"
Sonorous – sonorous – quiet
Sound. There are very bright, sonorous colors here. Their voice is not ringing, although loud. Rather, it is thick, like the aroma of all these breads.
Spacious - cramped
Tight. There are so many things depicted here. Of course, they are cramped.
Joyful - sad
Joyful. There is abundance here! And all this food is so beautiful, elegant, as if at a holiday, as if the rolls and breads were showing off to each other, which one is better.
Light - heavy.
Heavy. There's a lot here. The loaves are large and heavy. And all around are lush buns and pies. Everything together looks like something dense and heavy. How soon does the table hold up?
Didactic game “Define or find the genre (portrait, landscape, still life)”
Goal: to clarify children’s ideas about different genres of painting: landscape, portrait, still life.
Material: reproductions of paintings.
Game description: 1 option. The teacher suggests looking carefully at the paintings and putting paintings depicting only a still life (or only a portrait, landscape) in the center of the table, putting others aside.
Option 2. Each child has a reproduction of a painting, some of them depict a landscape, some have a portrait or a still life. The teacher asks riddles, and the children must show the answers using reproductions of paintings.
If you see in the picture
A river is drawn
Or spruce and white frost,
Or a garden and clouds,
Or a snowy plain
Or a field and a hut,
Required picture
It's called... (landscape)
If you see in the picture
Cup of coffee on the table
Or fruit juice in a large decanter,
Or a rose in crystal,
Or a bronze vase,
Or a pear, or a cake,
Or all items at once,
Know that this is... (still life)
If you see what's in the picture
Is anyone looking at us?
Or a prince in an old cloak,
Or a steeplejack in a robe,
Pilot, or ballerina,
Or Kolka, your neighbor,
Required picture
It's called... (portrait).
Didactic game “Make a still life”
Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the genre of still life, to teach how to compose a composition according to your own plan, according to a given plot (festive, with fruits and flowers, with dishes and vegetables, etc.)
Material: various pictures depicting flowers, dishes, vegetables, fruits, berries, mushrooms or real objects (dishes, fabrics, flowers, dummies of fruits, vegetables, decorative items)
Description of the game: the teacher invites the children to create a composition from the proposed pictures, or to create a composition on the table from real objects, using various fabrics for the background.
Didactic game “Correct the mistake”
Goal: to teach children to listen and watch carefully, to detect and correct mistakes.
Material: reproductions of paintings.
Description of the game: the teacher, in an art history story, describes the content of the work and the means of expression used by the artist, explains what mood the artist wanted to convey in his work, but at the same time deliberately makes a mistake in describing the picture. Before starting the game, children are given the instruction to watch and listen carefully, as a mistake will be made in the story.
Rules. Listen and watch carefully, detect and correct errors. The winner is the one who identified the most errors and corrected them correctly. He also gets the right to be the leader in the game - to compose an art history story based on another work.
An approximate art history story by a teacher (with intentional errors) based on the painting “Haymaking” by A.A. Plastova:
“Before you is a reproduction of a painting by A.A. Plastov “Summer” (wrong in the title). She talks about how, on a hot, clear day, mowers - old men and women - came out into a meadow covered with green, emerald grass (there is no description of the flowers) (the image of a teenager is missing in the description). The most important and beautiful thing in this picture are the white-trunked birches; they are painted in the center of the picture (an erroneous description of the compositional center). The work conveys peace and quiet joy. To do this, the artist uses bright, rich colors: yellow, green, blue, red.”
Didactic game “Guess the picture” (word game)
Goal: to teach children to find a picture using a verbal description.
Material: reproduction of a painting.
Game description:
Option 1. The teacher describes a painting by an artist without naming it
and without telling what colors the artist used. For example: “There is a girl sitting at the table in the room. She has a dreamy face. There is fruit on the table. It’s a summer day outside.” Children tell what colors and shades are used to depict everything that the teacher talked about. Then the teacher shows a reproduction of the painting to the children. The one whose answer is closest to the truth wins.
Option 2. To the music, the teacher describes in detail a landscape. Then he shows the children reproductions of paintings of different landscapes, among which is the one he described. Children must recognize the landscape from the description and explain their choice.
Didactic game “What does a landscape consist of”
Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the genre of landscape, its distinctive and constituent features and parts.
Material: various pictures depicting elements of living and inanimate nature, objects, etc.
Description of the game: the teacher offers children a variety of pictures. Children must select only those pictures that depict elements inherent in the landscape genre, justifying their choice.
Didactic game “Find the flaw in the portrait”
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about components faces: forehead, hair, eyebrows, eyelids, eyelashes, eyes, pupil, nose, nostrils, cheeks, cheekbones, mouth, lips, chin, ears.
Material: 10 cards depicting one person with different flaws.
Description of the game: the teacher invites the children to look at the picture and identify the missing parts of the face in the picture and tell what function they perform.
Didactic game “Collect a landscape”
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about the constituent elements of a landscape, about the signs of the seasons, to learn to compose a composition according to one’s own plan, according to a given plot (autumn, summer, spring, winter).
Material: Colored images of trees, flowers, herbs, mushrooms, etc., reflecting seasonal changes in nature.
Description of the game: children need to use color images to create a landscape according to their own ideas or according to the plot given by the teacher.
Didactic game "Perspective"
Goal: to give children knowledge about perspective, horizon line, distance and approach of objects in the foreground and background of the picture.
Material: picture plane with the image of sky and earth and a clear horizon line. Silhouettes of trees, houses, clouds, mountains of different sizes (small, medium, large)
Description of the game: children are asked to lay out silhouettes on a picture plane, taking into account perspective.
Didactic game “What does a still life consist of”
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about the genre of still life, image features, and constituent elements. Consolidate knowledge about the subject world, its purpose and classification.
Material: various pictures depicting objects, flowers, berries, mushrooms, animals, nature, clothing, etc.
Description of the game: among a variety of pictures, children need to select only those that depict elements unique to the still life genre.
Didactic game “Make a portrait”
Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the portrait genre. Learn to correctly navigate the location of different parts of the face by color and shape.
Material: various modifications of parts of the face in color and shape.
Description of the game: children are asked to make a portrait of a boy or girl using different parts of the face.
You can use riddles in the game:
Between two luminaries they do not sow, do not plant,
I'm alone in the middle. They grow up on their own. (Nose) (Hair)
Red doors in my cave,
White animals sit at the door.
And meat and bread - all my spoils -
I gladly give it to white animals. (Lips, teeth)
One speaks, two look
Two people are listening. (Tongue, eyes, ears)
My brother lives behind the mountain,
Can't meet me. (Eyes)
Didactic game "Seasons"
Goal: to consolidate children’s knowledge about seasonal changes in nature, about the color scheme inherent in a particular time of year.
Material: Reproductions of paintings with landscapes, audio recording of P.I. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons”
Description of the game: different reproductions of paintings are hung on the wall, the teacher invites the children to select those that tell about one time of year.
You can use the audio recording of P.I. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons” in the game
literary texts about the seasons.
Annex 1.
Abstract of educational activities on visual activities on the topic: “Autumn” (drawing).
Program content: consolidate children's knowledge about the seasons and warm colors. Exercise children in painting with paints. Stimulate the creative activity of older children preschool age.
Progress of the lesson.
The group receives a phone call. The teacher picks up the phone “Hello! Who's speaking? Dunno? Please forgive me, I can’t hear you well, I can’t understand anything. Come to senior group and explain what you want to say.”
Dunno enters:"Hello guys. I really enjoyed your last lesson. Remember how you taught me to draw autumn trees? I already know how to draw them. Only my friend Tube tortured me with ridicule. He says that I don’t know anything about autumn. But I don’t agree with him, because I know everything. In autumn it is always cold, dirty, and there is no mood. Really, really?”
The children answer together:“What are you talking about, Dunno! Autumn can be different!
Dunno continues:“Tubik tells me that autumn can be different, that it is a wonderful, extraordinary time of year. And I think: there is nothing good in autumn. Really, guys?"
The children do not agree.
The teacher offers:“Dunno, today we say goodbye to autumn. We're a little sad. Children will tell you why they like autumn. Listen and guess what autumn the poems are talking about.
The child reads I. Bunin’s poem “The forest is like a tower...”.
Dunno finds it difficult to answer, but the children help him.
The teacher asks:“Why is autumn called golden? And if you paint an autumn like this, what colors will you need? The children's answers follow.
Didactic game “What did the artist draw?”
The teacher summarizes:"Right. Golden autumn is a holiday of light and silence. Dunno, guess when and in what period of autumn the earth is covered with a bright, rustling, soft carpet.”
Dunno thinks:“At night, or what?” The children answer in unison: “During leaf fall! In the middle of autumn!
The teacher continues:"It's good to walk around autumn forest, listen to how the leaves rustle under your feet, how quietly they spin and fall! Take autumn leaves in your hands and show how they fall and fly during leaf fall.” (Children dance to the music).
The teacher turns to the children again:“If you paint in late autumn, what colors will you need? Remember how artists painted autumn. This year, in late autumn, we observed fabulously beautiful nature. Close your eyes and imagine this wonderful picture again.”
Dunno says with regret:“What a pity that I didn’t see the beauty of autumn. Only I’ll probably forget what periods of autumn there are and Tube will laugh at me again.”
The teacher answers:“Don’t worry, Dunno. Children, think about how you can help Dunno.”
Children offer to depict autumn at different times.
The teacher reminds them:“Children, think again about what period of autumn you will draw. Your drawings should turn out different: after all, Dunno wants to see and remember different autumns - both golden and late. Try to depict different trees.”
The children get to work.
At the end of the lesson, you can arrange a viewing of children's drawings. You can evaluate them on your own behalf and on behalf of Dunno. Children also share their impressions of looking at their drawings.
Appendix 2.
Abstract of GCD for visual activities (drawing).
Subject:"Birch Grove in Autumn"
Program content: To consolidate children's knowledge about the seasons. Introduce the concepts: warm and cold colors, landscape. Acquaintance with a new material - wax, wax candle, and its properties. Teach children to use a brush and watercolor paint in combination with wax material. Tint the entire sheet, develop creativity, aesthetic perception, color perception. Cultivate an interest in painting and a love of nature. Material: household candle, watercolor.
Progress of the lesson:
Show the children a picture (photograph) with an autumn birch grove depicted on it.
Explain to the children that this image of nature is called a landscape.
Explain the differences between landscape and other genres of painting (portrait, still life).
Didactic game “Find the landscape among the paintings”
Ask: what season is depicted in the picture? Why do children think that the picture depicts autumn? What time of year is it now?
Say: “Autumn is a very beautiful time of year, autumn has its own colors.” Show leaves cut out of colored paper in red, orange, yellow, brown. Say that these are the warm colors of autumn. Ask what else comes in this color? (for each color separately). What is this color called? If you put these colors side by side, you get something similar to fire or a campfire - hot, hot, which is why these colors are called warm colors. Show the children circles cut out of blue, dark blue, purple, and green paper. Place a painting depicting winter next to the autumn landscape. Say that these colors are called cold, that there are more such colors in winter. Ask several people (optional) to approach the paintings and give “autumn” a warm color, and “winter” a cold color.
Didactic game “Warm - Cold”
Thank the children, clean up the winter landscape. Thank the children on behalf of “autumn” and once again remind them what warm colors they gave her. Now let’s draw the same beautiful autumn birch grove. What
What colors will we use in our drawings? Listen to the children's answers, accompanied by showing the named color. Ask what color are the trunks of birch trees? (White). We will draw the trunks with a white wax candle, and we will paint the warm autumn colors with watercolor paint. If you run a candle across the paper, a shiny white mark will remain, the wax will stick firmly to the paper and in this place will not let paint onto the paper, so the paper will remain white - like the trunks of birch trees. Where does such material as wax come from? Bees make wax, they build honeycombs from it, and then put honey into these honeycombs. (You can show the children, if possible, honeycombs with honey). People who collect honey take it from the hives along with honeycombs made from wax, candles, and wax crayons.
Physical education minute.
During physical education, distribute paper, brushes - squirrel No. 8, household candles, cups of water.
Now let's take a closer look at what's on your tables. Listen to the children's answers. Why do we need a wax candle? That's right, we will draw birch tree trunks for her. Birches grow from the ground, upward towards the sun. Take the candles and draw them across a sheet of paper from bottom to top. There are a lot of birch trees growing in a birch grove, draw a lot of trunks. (Accompany with display on a vertical sketchbook). Those who have already drawn birch tree trunks place their candle in a common box. Wait until all the children have finished working with the candles. The paint that lies on your tables is called “Watercolor”. This paint loves water very much; in order for it to paint well, you need to wet the brush in water more often. What colors will we use to paint the birch grove? Remind, (accompany the show) we will take warm colors, yellow, orange, red, brown. Let's paint the entire piece of paper with these colors (accompany it with a display on the sketchbook). You see, where we held the candles, the paper remained white, and we got white birch trunks. Help those in need to hold a brush correctly. To prevent the paints from staining each other, each time you need to thoroughly rinse the brush in the jar, wipe it with a cloth if necessary (show how), and then wet it again and take the paint. Wait until all children have completed this stage of work. Please note that there are black spots on the trunks of birch trees and at the bottom of the trunk
birch trees are all black. Offer to dip the brush in black paint and run it along the trunk of the birch trees (accompanied by a demonstration).
Upon completion, put all the works on the board for analysis, invite the children to find works that use more warm colors, which works do they like best and why? Tell the children that drawings that depict nature are called landscapes.
Particularly interesting are didactic games in fine art, which include tasks from different sections simultaneously.
In this case, the following requirements must be met:
In games volume practical tasks should be such that the main game task is not lost;
Repetition of exercises should be carried out at different levels of difficulty and using different materials;
All necessary auxiliary aids and tools for work must be available;
A personal approach to the child must be taken.
PLANTS
Didactic games
1. “Green needles.”
Target: consolidate the ability to quickly navigate on a sheet of paper, complete drawing symmetrical objects based on a model, and select the desired shade of pencil.
Material: cards with options for the image of a Christmas tree, arranged in increasing difficulty levels.
Rules of the game: finish drawing the Christmas trees in order, achieve similarity of parts, take new card(more difficult option) only after receiving a score for the previous task.
- draw a spruce forest so that each tree in it is different from the others.
- draw hedgehogs under the trees so that each hedgehog looks like “its own” tree (color, shape of needles).
- draw Christmas trees in “families” (of different sizes, but similar configurations).
- draw what kind of Christmas trees grow on the Moon and Mars.
2. “Where do mushrooms grow?”
Target: consolidate knowledge about mushrooms of mixed and spruce forests, their characteristics, appearance, learn to quickly select the necessary cards with mushrooms, copy them, achieving similarities, select the necessary colors and shades.
Material: cards with edible and poisonous mushrooms (boletus, boletus, boletus, chanterelle, russula; fly agaric, toadstool, satanic mushroom).
Art material: watercolor, gouache, crayons, felt-tip pens, etc.
Rules of the game: take only one card at a time, return the card immediately after the mushroom is drawn and colored, do not draw poisonous mushrooms.
Creative task for the didactic game:
- draw what mushrooms are dried on a string near the squirrel’s house;
- Find out the names of the mushrooms in the hedgehog's basket by their appearance and color them.
Exercises to move to more high level difficulties:
- draw a picture by cells (a sample is given, children must count the required number of cells, paint with the required color);
- “write” Christmas trees (mushrooms, flowers) in a large-checked notebook;
- make the game yourself as a gift for the kids.
ANIMALS
I. Preparatory game exercises
1. “Make an animal from the figures.”
Target: learn to select from a set of templates geometric figures that are most suitable in shape and size for a given animal, to compose animal figures, observing proportions.
Material: cards with animals (for testing), templates of various sizes and shapes.
Assignment: children make up animals and stick them on from colored templates, then compare (with cards) to see if they look like pictures of real animals.
2. “The duckling is growing.”
Target: learn to enlarge and reduce images by drawing in the cells.
Material: a picture of a duckling, cards with small, large and medium squares.
Assignment: children, depending on the assignment, select a card with cells of the required size and, using the sample, create an image.
3. “We’ve just left the pond, give me a towel!”
Target: practice changing the texture of animals (puppy) and birds (duckling, gosling) depending on the task.
Material: cards with images of animals (birds) without texture. Cards depicting various lines.
Assignment: children, depending on the situation depicted on the card, use lines and strokes to create the appropriate texture for the animal (bird).
4. “Make a hedgehog out of sticks.”
Target: teach schematic representation of an image, the ability to distract from secondary features, conveying the main ones.
Material: sticks (you can use counting sticks, colored paper strips and stick them on a sheet; you can use a felt-tip pen to draw an image from the sticks).
Assignment: children lay out images from sticks or draw with a felt-tip pen, or paste images from strips.
5. “Hedgehogs and porcupines.”
Target: learn to regulate the amplitude of hand movement and pressure, to convey the individuality of the image of each animal.
Material: pictures depicting hedgehogs and porcupines (with quills of different lengths and directions).
Exercise: Children choose a card and draw an animal. In case of unsuccessful attempts, take the appropriate stencil or card, where the needles are depicted as dots, and make the image yourself, point by point.
II. Didactic games
1. "Circus acrobats."
Target: teach speed of reaction in selecting parts of the animal’s body, based on a sample card, convey a variety of movements using different arrangements of templates.
Material: sample cards or “movable” toys made of cardboard, templates.
Rules of the didactic game: perform drawings using templates according to the sample. Independently come up with as many options for acrobatic figures as possible (for each option - 1 point). The one with the most points wins.
2. "Funny pictures."
Target: practice quickly drawing up cut-out pictures followed by drawing in cells (4, 9, 12 parts).
Material: cut cards
(4, 9, 12 parts), sample pictures, cards (blank) with cells for drawing in cells.
Rules of the game: quickly compose an image using a pattern of 4, 9 and 12 parts, and then take a blank card (4 cells) and draw a picture.
3. "Hippos."
Target: teach children to select templates (pieces of clothing) for hippos of different sizes by eye, and to make decorative decorations according to the model and according to instructions.
Material: cardboard hippos of different sizes and colors and “ready-made clothes” (templates).
Rules of the game:“dress” the hippos in “ready-made clothes” as quickly as possible (a point for each hippo) and decorate the clothes according to the sample or according to the teacher’s instructions (for example, using blue, red and black).
III. Exercises to move to a higher level of difficulty
1. “Barbershop for Sharik.”
Target: learn to draw a variety of dog “hairstyles” using familiar techniques and invented new options.
2. “Draw different scales for the fish.”
Target: learn to come up with an image of a texture according to the instructions of the teacher.
3. “How do animals play?”
Target: convey the movements of animals without using or partially using templates.
4. “Where is whose tail?”
Target: teach to think logically and pick up tails by the method of elimination, to draw according to a model.
5. “Draw fabulous birds (animals) of the ancient world (future) and name them.”
Target: learn to come up with new images using experience and knowledge about various artistic materials.
Game “What is red?”
Didactic task. Reinforce knowledge of flower names; teach children to select red objects among objects of different shapes and colors.
Game task. Help the doll Katya pick up objects.
Game rules. Select items to match the color of the doll's bow.
Progress of the game
The teacher places objects of different colors (vegetables, dishes, pencils, etc.) along the edge of the table. The doll Katya comes to visit the children. She wants to match her red bow with objects of the same color. Children come up one at a time and name the object and its color: red tomato, red pencil, etc. If the answer is correct, the Katya doll nods her head approvingly, and the child puts the object in her purse; if the answer is incorrect, then Katya turns away.
Game “Such different handkerchiefs”
Didactic task. Strengthen children's ability to draw straight lines in different directions.
Game task. Decorate handkerchiefs for Andryusha and Seryozha.
Game rules. Don't mix up gifts.
Progress of the game
The teacher says that an artist he knows decided to draw two of his friends, Seryozha and Andryusha (shows the drawing). They have beautiful clothes - bright, colorful, but the artist ran out of paint early, and he could not paint the handkerchiefs that are visible from the pockets of his friends. The artist asks the children to color Seryozha and Andryusha’s handkerchiefs. The teacher gives the children sheets of paper (“handkerchiefs”), and they paint them: Andryusha likes striped handkerchiefs, and Seryozha likes checkered ones. After the children draw the handkerchiefs, they must not confuse: Andryusha is a boy in a red jacket, Seryozha is in a blue one. Children take ready-made “handkerchiefs” and give them to their friends (striped ones for Andryusha, checkered ones for Seryozha).
Game "Kolobok"
Didactic task. Strengthen children’s ability to roll a ball and a strip from a lump of plasticine; develop the ability to see the beauty of color against the background of different objects.
Game task. Make friends for a bun.
Game rules. Make a bun and a path of the same color.
Progress of the game
Educator. Guys, do you remember the fairy tale “Kolobok”? Once upon a time there lived a grandfather and a woman. Once a woman baked a bun and left it to cool on the window, but the bun ran away... (Makes a bun from a large lump by pinching it off.)
I am a bun, a bun,
Kolobok - ruddy side,
Mesha with sour cream
Yes, it's tight in oil.
The bun rolled
Along ravines and roads.
(To the sound of cheerful music, the bun rolls on the table and sings.)
I left my grandfather
I left my grandmother.
The teacher invites the bun to visit the children. Kolobok agrees, but wants to play hide and seek. The bun hides behind objects. Children must “find” the kolobok and say where it is hidden, naming the color of the object (behind the green tree, behind the blue fence, behind the red garage, etc.)
Kolobok comes out from behind his hiding place and asks the children to make him friends. Children make koloboks from colored plasticine, choosing a color as desired. Now the koloboks need to roll along the paths. Where are the most convenient paths? Children make paths for koloboks (stripes). The paths should match the color of the bun. The koloboks ran along the paths. (Children put the koloboks, each on their own strip, and admire the koloboks and paths of the same color.) They ran and ran and came to the river, and then they decided to go on a journey.
The teacher places the koloboks on a large boat sculpted in advance, and the multi-colored koloboks “float” along the river. (Children admire the koloboks of different colors collected together.)
Game "Vegetables on a plate"
Didactic task. Strengthen knowledge about colors, the ability to select objects of a different color.
Game task. Make plates for the treat.
Game rules. Make it so that the colors of the treat and the plate do not match.
Progress of the game
The teacher brings a basket with the harvest (green apples, red berries from plasticine, which the children sculpted the day before) and wants to treat the children. A hedgehog (toy) appears, he is also waiting for a treat. The teacher cannot find the plates. The hedgehog is upset, the teacher asks the children how to get out of this situation. The children decide to make plates and make them from a ball by flattening it. The hedgehog asks the children to make plates that are not the same color as the treat (for example, a red berry - a blue plate).
The teacher offers to treat the guest first. Children approach the hedgehog and offer a treat, describing it: “a green apple on a yellow plate,” “a red berry on a white plate,” etc. If the child names the colors incorrectly, the hedgehog snorts, and if correctly, he nods his head.
Didactic games
"Choose by color"
Goal: consolidation and clarification of color names. Incorporating elements of self-control into the process of color perception.
Game material: box of colored pencils (at least 12).
Progress. The teacher shows the children one of the colors, asks them to name it and find an object of the same color in the office.
"Little Artists"
Goal: Improving color perception and color discrimination.
Game material: A set of pictures “Vegetables and fruits” and a set of colored circles (you can use a set of gouache paints in jars of at least 12 colors).
Progress. The teacher gives the children pictures of vegetables and asks them to choose a colored circle (paint) to match their vegetable or fruit. Then trace the drawn vegetables and fruits with your finger, specify the shape and name the color.
"Cinderella's Games."
Goal: Development of fine motor skills, improvement of shape perception.
Game material: Pictures with silhouette images of mushrooms, buttons or beans.
Progress. The teacher suggests placing buttons along the contour of the mushroom.
“Which tree is the leaf from?”
Goal: Consolidate knowledge about the names of trees. Improving the perception of leaf shape.
Game material: set of pictures “Trees and Leaves”.
Progress of the game: The teacher shows a picture of a tree. The children call him. One of the children is invited to go to the table and find a picture with a leaf from this tree. Think and say what the shape of this leaf looks like. Other children can help with this too.
"Autumn leaves".
Goal: To practice choosing leaves according to a certain color, improving the perception of color and shape. Developing the ability to compare quickly
respond to a verbal signal.
Game material: two sets of cardboard tree leaves of different colors.
Progress. One set is distributed to children, the other is given to the teacher. He shows the leaf and says: “One, two, three, fly this leaf.”
“Make a hedgehog out of sticks.”
Goal: Development of imagination, learning to create a schematic image.
Game material: sets with counting sticks according to the number of children.
Progress. The teacher invites the children to think and use counting sticks to create an image of a hedgehog.
"Tactile boards."
Goal: development of imaginative thinking, creative imagination.
Game material: board No. 1 - a piece of fluffy natural fur; board No. 2 - a piece of faux fur; board No. 3 - fabric such as flannel or flannel; board No. 4 - sandpaper.
Progress. The teacher suggests closing your eyes and imagining that the children are in the forest. There is a mansion in the forest, and in the mansion they live. Stroking the board and name who you are stroking. The teacher himself can offer the children to pet a bunny, fox, hedgehog, etc.
"Aquarium".
Goal: Development of visual attention, improvement of perception of the shape of the fish’s body.
Game material: picture of an aquarium, silhouettes: Goldfish, swordtail, guppy, snail.
Progress. Look at the picture of an aquarium and fish. Clarify the body shape and structure of the fish.
Then the teacher asks you to close your eyes and swaps the places of the inhabitants of the aquarium. Children must name “who switched places?”
"Geometric mosaic. Bunny."
Goal: Development of imagination. Learn to create a schematic image of an animal.
Game material: Two sets geometric shapes(ovals of different sizes) for flannelgraph.
Progress. The teacher invites one of the children to place a figurine of a sitting bunny on a flannelgraph. If necessary, other children are also involved in helping. From the second set, children are asked to lay out a figurine of a bunny, which “stood like a post under a pine tree.”
"Collect a snowflake."
Goal: developing the ability to analyze, developing intelligence and concentration.
Game material: cut pictures of 3-4 parts depicting snowflakes.
Progress. The teacher suggests looking at parts of the picture and making a picture of a snowflake. For children who find it difficult, offer a sample.
"Geometric mosaic. Chick".
Goal: Development of imagination, ability to create a schematic image. Forming the ability to abstract from minor details, highlighting the main form. Developing cooperation skills.
Game material: a set of counting sticks and geometric shapes, one per pair of children.
Progress. The teacher suggests laying out the silhouette of a chicken from geometric shapes and counting sticks.
"Get the family together."
Goal: development of attention, improvement of perception of form and structure.
Game material: Color images of poultry (chicken family, duck family).
Progress. The teacher lays out pictures of adult birds in front of the children, asks them to look at them, remember the names, and find similarities and differences. Finds out whether the children know which of these birds can swim. Then the teacher shows the children images of a chicken, chicks, goslings, goslings, distributes the images to the children and offers to gather the family.
"At the Feeding Trough"
Goal: Improving the perception of shape, structure and appearance birds. Development of the ability to navigate in space.
Game material: pictures with birds, a picture with a feeder.
Progress. The teacher suggests looking at the birds that have flown to the feeder. Name their distinctive features. Then the teacher asks to name where the birds are (above the feeder, on the feeder, to the left of the feeder, etc.). Asks the children to remember what they can feed the birds.
“Decorate your mitten with geometric shapes.”
Game material: silhouette images of mittens for the right and left hand, a set of geometric shapes, one for a pair of children.
Progress. The teacher suggests decorating the mittens with a pattern of geometric shapes. (You can invite each pair of children to decorate their mittens with the same pattern.)
“Name your fingers.”
Goal: development of motor skills, consolidation of the names of the fingers.
Progress. The teacher reads a poem:
My little finger, where have you been?
I went to the forest with this brother
I cooked cabbage soup with this brother.
I sang songs with this brother.
Well, I met this one and treated him to candy.
Children show their fingers, then call them.
“Lay out the pattern.”
Goal: Developing the ability to construct a pattern, taking into account the spatial relationships between its elements, maintaining symmetry. Developing cooperation skills.
Game material: silhouette images of items of clothing, a set of geometric shapes, one per pair of children.
Progress. The teacher offers to decorate clothes for the dolls. Indicates that the pattern should be located in the center and along the edges.
“When it’s fun, when it’s sad.”
Goal: developing the ability to determine the mood of a picture by its color scheme.
Game material: illustrations from books.
Progress. The teacher shows the illustration and invites the children to determine what mood it evokes and explain their choice.
"When it happens."
Goal: Consolidation of knowledge about the seasons, development of coherent speech, attention, endurance.
Progress. The teacher names a sign or shows a schematic picture with a sign of the season and asks the children to name when this happens.
"Cut pictures".
Goal: development of the ability to compare, generalize, correctly name the subject; formation of intelligence, concentration
Game material: cut pictures of 5-6 parts depicting vegetables and fruits.
Progress. The teacher suggests looking at the parts and making a picture without a sample.
“Where the fish swim.”
Goal: Development of visual attention and orientation in space.
Game material: picture of an aquarium, silhouettes of fish.
Progress. Look at the picture of an aquarium and fish. Clarify the body shape, structure, location of the fish.
Then the teacher asks you to close your eyes and swaps the places of the inhabitants of the aquarium. Children must name what has changed?
“Whose children?”
Goal: Consolidate knowledge about the names of trees, their structure and distinctive features. Developing cooperation skills.
Game material: a set of pictures: trees, leaves and fruits.
Progress of the game: The teacher shows pictures of trees and says that each tree has its own leaves and fruits. Then pictures with trees, leaves and fruits are distributed to the children. Children are asked to find a tree. from which the “kids” fell.
"Find by silhouette"
Goal: development of visual thinking, attention, figurative memory. Game material: paper figurines of fairy-tale characters.
Progress. The teacher and the children examine the figures of fairy-tale characters from all sides, explain what a silhouette is (puts the template figure on a blank sheet of paper and traces it with a pencil). Then he turns over several figures reverse side and asks to find the heroes of the fairy tale.
"Drawing constructor".
Goal: development of imagination, development of the ability to create images based on schematic images.
Game material: sheets of paper with an outline image of a geometric figure, pencils.
Progress. A teacher and children examine drawn geometric shapes. Then he hands out one figurine to the children and asks them to finish drawing it to create an image of the object.
“Let’s dress the dolls for a walk.”
Purpose: To practice finding shades darker or lighter than a given color.
Game material: 4 coats of red, green, blue, brown. 8 hats and 8 pairs of boots. Half of the hats and boots are lighter shades than the coat, the rest are darker shades.
Progress. The teacher calls the child and offers to choose clothes for the doll for a walk: to match the red coat, choose lighter boots and a darker hat, etc. You can call three children at once and invite them to choose darker hats and boots than the coat.
“Make a pattern on a circle.”
Goal: Developing the ability to construct a pattern, taking into account the spatial relationships between its elements, maintaining symmetry. Developing cooperation skills.
Game material: paper circles, a set of geometric shapes, one per pair of children.
Progress. The teacher suggests decorating a plate for dolls. Indicates that the pattern should be located in the center of the plate and along the edges.
"Colored paints."
Goal: To form an idea of cold and warm colors.
Game material: illustrations of the seasons, paper colored squares of cold and warm colors.
Progress. The teacher invites the children to look at the winter illustrations and pay attention to the color of the paints used by the artist. Invites children to choose colored squares that match these colors. Clarifies the concept of warm colors, cool colors.
Elena Girdzijauskas
I think no one will argue with me that fine art has a beneficial effect on all people, especially children. To introduce children to art, we, of course, select reproductions and photographs, but this is not enough for the child to understand the topic and be interested. Therefore, in my work, as in educational activities, and in individual work with children, I use GAMES to introduce children to art. I would like to bring them to your attention.
GAMES TO INTRODUCE CHILDREN WITH GENRE PAINTING.
"Genres of Painting"
Goal: To consolidate children’s knowledge about the depiction of a landscape (portrait, still life, fairy-tale genre) and its characteristics. Find this genre among others and justify your choice.
"Collect a landscape"
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about the constituent elements of the landscape, about
signs of the season. According to your own plan, compose a composition according to a given plot (autumn, summer, spring,
"Seasons and Colors"
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about seasonal changes in nature, about the color scheme inherent in a particular time of year. Choose color cards that are suitable for autumn, winter, spring, summer.
"Parts of the day and colors"
Goal: Determine which part of the day the proposed landscapes belong to. Choose colored cards with which this or that part of the day is associated.
“Make a still life”
Goal: To consolidate knowledge about the genre of still life. Compose a composition according to your own plan, according to a given plot (festive, with fruits and flowers, with dishes and vegetables, with mushrooms, etc.)
"Family portrait"
Goal: Name the distinctive features of a male and female face, young and old. Select parts of the face and make portraits of mom, dad, grandfather, grandmother, brother and sister.
“Design and assemble a portrait”
Goal: Compose a portrait from individual parts of the face according to your own choice and imagination.
"Portrait of a fairy-tale hero"
Goal: To consolidate children’s knowledge about the components of the face and their spatial location. Make portraits of fairy-tale characters from cut pieces.
