Glossary of English billiard terms. Dictionary of billiard terms What are billiard players called?

A
· Apricole (in Russian billiards) - a shot in which the cue ball hits the board first and then object ball.
· English billiards- is a mixture of carom and pocket billiards. It is played on a snooker table (dimensions - 1.7 x 3.8 m). The game uses 3 balls: 2 white (although 1 white and 1 yellow have recently been used) and a red ball, which is always the target ball.
· Artistic billiards- a type of billiard game in which trick shots are used exclusively.
· Attack (generally, except carom and its varieties) - a blow to the cue ball (hereinafter referred to as simply a blow) with the aim of pocketing the object ball (and in some types of billiards and the cue ball) into the pocket.
B
· Cue ball (gen.) - a ball (in pool and snooker - white, in a pyramid - various shades of yellow, red or brown), which is used to hit the object ball. An exception to the use of the cue ball is found in the Free Pyramid (formerly called American), where any ball on the table can act as a cue ball, and in some types of carom and in English billiards, where each player uses exclusively the same ball as a cue ball ( of the two light balls present on the carom table - that is, the white ball with dots (or light yellow) is one player's cue ball, and the pure white ball is the other player's cue ball. Hitting someone else's cue ball with a cue is a foul).
· Bolker line(in snooker) - a line drawn towards the end of the playing table; the area designated by it occupies exactly ¼ of the entire length of the table; The bolt line does not have any specific meaning for the main version of snooker, but it significantly affects the game in its variation called Power Snooker. The area behind the bolt line in this version of the game is called the “PowerZone”. If the cue ball is within the "PowerZone" and the player pockets any ball, then the amount of points received is doubled.
· Break (English break) (in snooker) - see Series
IN
· Screw (gen.) - rotational movement of the ball as a result of impact. There are four main types of screws - left, right, upper ("roll"), lower ("draw"), as well as their combinations.
· Exit (general) - a blow as a result of which the cue ball “comes out” (rolls) to the place from where the player expects to play the next ball.
G
· Lip (generally, except carom and its varieties) - a beveled part of the elastic side, located in the pocket area.
D
· Double (English double) (in snooker) - a situation in which the ball enters the pocket not from a direct hit, but after a rebound from the board.
· Double kiss (in snooker) - a double mutual collision of the object ball and the cue ball.
· Doublet (or Double) (gen.) - a shot in which the object ball first hits the side and then goes towards the pocket.
· “Fool” (in Russian billiards; in snooker - fluke) - an accidental hit of a ball into a pocket.
· House (in Russian billiards and some other varieties) - the area on the gaming table (occupies 1/4 of the entire surface of the table), from where the game can be played from hand.
AND
· Yellow pocket (in snooker) is a conventional concept that has been introduced into snooker since the 80s. Indicates the far left pocket.
Z
· Green pocket (in snooker) is a conventional concept that has been introduced into snooker since the 1980s. Indicates the far right pocket.
· Hares (in Russian billiards) - two aiming balls located close to each other (see Plant).
AND
· Playing from hand (general) - the right of one of the players to make a shot from any place (in some types of billiards - from specially designated areas).
TO
· Comeback (English comeback - return) - a situation in which a player significantly behind in the score equalizes it or wins the match as a whole.
· Carom is a type of billiard game, numbering about ten varieties, the common feature of which is the use of three balls with a diameter of 60 mm, painted or marked with dots, and a table without pockets 10 feet long, sometimes adding 5 wooden chips (miniature pins) placed in the center table. Also: a common name for all games for the situation of accidental or intentional collisions of the balls being played (an object ball or, less commonly, a cue ball) with other balls present on the table.
· Cue (gen.) - a billiard accessory designed for hitting the cue ball. Cue cues for Russian billiards, pool and snooker vary in size and weight.
· Kicks (the term is used mainly in Russian billiards) - a blow in which the cue stick slips along the surface of the cue ball.
· Putting - getting the ball into the pocket; another meaning is the player's ability to pocket balls.
· Cluster (gen.) - a cluster of two or more balls located very close to one another.
· Klapshtos (German: klapp stoß) (in Russian billiards) - a shot in which your ball (cue ball) remains in place after colliding with the object ball.
· Clearance (mainly in snooker; in Russian billiards - clearing the table) - hammering all the remaining object balls into the pockets during one series.
o Total clearance (in snooker) - pocketing all (from the first to the last) object balls during one series.
· Counter-touch (in Russian billiards) or double-kiss - a repeated strike on the cue ball of an object ball reflected from the side or other balls.
· Cross double (or simple werewolf) - the intersection of the trajectories of the cue ball and the object ball.
· Cannon (English cannon) (in snooker) - an unexpected or intentional collision of the cue ball with other balls.
L
· Pocket (generally, except for carom and its varieties) - a special hole on the gaming table into which balls are hammered.
M
· Maz or mazik is a piece of billiard equipment. Instead of a cue, they hit the cue ball with a mazik. Not used in modern billiards
· Maximum break(in snooker) - the maximum possible (within the rules) series of one of the players.
· Mask (in pool) - a position on the gaming table when the cue ball is blocked from the object ball by another ball and cannot pass to it along a straight path.
· Masse (gen.) - a blow with strong (usually side and bottom) rotation, as a result of which the ball most often rolls in an arc.
· Machine (generally, the names rest (in snooker) or simply “Mother-in-law" in Russian billiards are also found) - a special device used as an additional support for the cue when striking.
· Miss (English miss) (in snooker) - a shot in which the cue ball does not hit the object ball.
N
· Roll (general) - a blow above the center of the cue ball, as a result of which the cue ball, after hitting the object ball, continues to move forward further.
· Sticker (or heel) (gen.) - a circle of specially treated leather glued to the end of the front part of the cue, which is in direct contact with the cue ball when making shots. They can vary in degree of hardness into soft, medium and hard.
ABOUT
· Draw (gen.) - a blow below the center of the ball, as a result of which the cue ball, most often after hitting the object ball, rolls back.
· Wagering (or positional strike) (generally, except carom and its varieties) - a strike with the aim of moving the ball, most often the cue ball, into a difficult position for the opponent. Also: when playing pool-8 and straight pool (varieties of pool) - a situation provided for by the rules when the player performing the next blow pre-announces that he intends to transfer the execution of the next blow to his opponent, regardless of the result of his executed strike (hitting or not hitting the announced ball into the pocket). The announcement of Playback or Safe must be made out loud, before the strike, so that the opponent and the referee hear it and clearly understand it.
P
· Set (general) or frame (in snooker) - a time period in a match that begins with the initial kick and ends, as a rule, with the winning ball being potted for one of the players.
· Stalemate situation (in snooker) - a situation in which further development frame is extremely difficult or practically impossible. In this case, a replay of the frame is assigned, and all the results of the unfinished game are canceled.
· Replay in black(English re-spot black) (in snooker) - a situation in which, after potting the last ball, the score in the frame becomes equal. In this case, the black ball is placed on its mark, and then a lot is drawn, according to the results of which one of the players gets the right to strike first. Whoever scores black wins the frame.
· Jump (gen.) or jump (English jump) in snooker and pool) - a shot in which the cue ball jumps over the masking ball. In pool it is performed with a shortened cue - a jumper.
· Pyramid (generally, except carom and its varieties) - the initial arrangement of object balls in the shape of an equilateral triangle. (Note: In some types of billiards - for example, in Pool-9, a pyramid of 9 balls is arranged in the form of a rhombus).
· Pyramid is the official name of the type of billiard games previously known as “Russian billiards” (“American”, “Sibirka”, “Nevskaya”, “71 points”, etc., about 20 varieties in total). What they all have in common is the use of a set of 15 numbered white and one colored balls with a diameter of 68 mm and a table 12 feet long with narrow pockets that have virtually no curves. The name Pyramid instead of the name Russian Billiards was introduced to comply with international principles for naming sports games, according to which national or geographical roots should not be used. For the same reason, the pool was officially no longer called American pool.
· Plant (English plant) (snooker. For pool and pyramid, the corresponding terms pair and hares are used) - a general name for two variants of the situation when the game is played on a pair of balls tightly pressed to each other. Depending on which of the lines, the “center line” (connecting the centers of the pair’s balls) or the “common tangent line” (perpendicular to the center line drawn through the point of contact of the pair’s balls), leads into the pocket, the intended ball is played either by hitting another ball, standing in a tight pair with the ball aimed at the pocket, or hitting the intended ball, counting on the special trajectory of its rebound from the supporting ball, standing second in the pair. In the first case, the intended ball will go along the line of centers, in the second - along the line of the common tangent. In this case, additional effects apply: 1) direct throw due to friction in the pair, 2) throw by screwing, and 3) a slight roll of the object ball due to transmission rotation from the cue ball if it was launched with a strong draw. Particularly noticeable on worn or dirty balls, these effects allow the player (by adding screws, backdrops, and impact point selection) to slightly adjust the resulting direction of the ball played from the plant. Thanks to these effects, even if the line of centers or a common tangent is not exactly followed into the pocket, the intended ball can be directed into the pocket.
· Shoot (gen.) - a situation in which, after hitting an object ball, the cue ball or some other ball hits an awkwardly standing ball or group of balls (cluster, remnants of an unbroken pyramid).
· Object ball (general) - a ball that is hit with the cue ball. When an object ball falls into a pocket as a result of being hit by the cue ball, the term "stranger" or "stranger" is used.
· Propikh (gen.) - a situation when a player hits the cue ball more than once while performing one specific shot, or a situation in which the cue, cue ball and object ball touch simultaneously.
· Pool is a type of pocket billiards. Other names: American billiards, American pool. The American version of billiards is often mistakenly called “American”.
· Push-out (in Pool-9) - a situation provided for by the rules of Pool-9, when a player who has the right to take the first strike of the game (that is, a strike immediately after the balls have been broken), intends to move the cue ball or other balls to a new position and give the opponent the right to choose how to continue the game. After a correctly executed push, the opponent has the opportunity to continue the game himself (accept the push), or return the right of the next strike to the player who performed the push (refuse the push). The push must be announced before the shot is executed. Push was introduced into the rules of Pool-9 in order to completely equalize the chances of players at the very beginning of the game.
R
· Robbery (gen.) - the initial blow in the game, made with a cue ball on the balls standing in the pyramid; the term "breakdown" is sometimes used.
· Re-rack (English re-rack) (in snooker) - replaying a frame (for example, in the event of a stalemate in the game).
· Cut (gen.) - the angle at which the cue ball hits the object ball.
· Successful strike(gen.) - a blow that ends with the ball falling into a pocket (in carom this term has a slightly different meaning), after which the player has the right to continue the game.
· Rest (in snooker) - a device for installing a cue (used if playing from the hand is impossible or extremely difficult). There are different types of rests (for example, spider rest, swan neck rest, etc.).
· Draw (gen.) - the procedure for determining the order of participants in the game.
· Russian billiards is the collective name for several types of billiards. Russian billiards is a type of pocket billiards, with its own special requirements for playing equipment. See "Pyramid"
WITH
· Free ball (in snooker) - a situation in which a player, as a result of an unsuccessful attempt to exit another player's snooker, cannot hit a specific object ball. In this case, the player has the right to order any other object ball (at the price of a red one) and then pocket the colored one.
· Own (simple brother-in-law) (in Russian billiards) - the cue ball on which the player strikes.
· Brother-in-law (in a pyramid) - a blow, the purpose of which is to send the cue ball into the pocket. The rules of various pyramid games define differently the possibility of performing and the result of such a strike. For example, in the Classic Pyramid (71 points) it leads to a foul, in the Free Pyramid (American) it is no different from other shots, in the Dynamic Pyramid and the Combination Pyramid (Nevskaya and Sibirka, respectively) the continuation of the game after a successful brother-in-law and a successful “stranger” differs .
· Sector D (in snooker) is a specially marked area on the gaming table from where the player performs a break or a shot from the hand.
· Set (English set) (in carom) - a time period in a match, its meaning is almost similar to the concept of “game”.
· Century break (in snooker) - a player’s streak of 100 points or more.
· Series (gen.) - a sequence of effective attacking strikes by one of the players (in carom this term has a slightly different meaning).
· Snooker is a type of billiard pocket game. Most common in the UK. Since the late 70s of the 20th century, it has become known almost throughout the world, especially in Europe and China. At the beginning of the game, there are 15 red balls arranged in a pyramid on the gaming table and 6 colored balls, each of which is located at a certain mark on the table. The white ball (cue ball) is used to hit colored balls. Players must alternately pocket red and colored balls. While the red balls remain on the table, the pocketed colored balls are placed in their positions. The player who scores the most points wins.
· Spider is also a spider rest (in snooker) - a device for installing a cue. See rest.
· Split
1. Also, a split shot (English split shot) or split hit (English split hit) is a shot in which it is difficult to determine by eye which of the nearby object balls the cue ball touched first. Usually in tournament rules it is considered a foul, in amateur rules it is an effective strike.
2. In pool, a shot that sends two or more touching balls in different directions.
3. In snooker, a shot in which the cue ball is sent into a cluster of red balls to break them.
T
· Tip (in snooker) - a sticker on the cue.
· Turnik or horizontal bar - the thick part of the cue.
· Touche (French touche) (in Russian billiards) - touching the ball on the table with a cue, hand, machine, etc.
· Trick shot (general) - “trick” blow.
· Triplet - reflection of the ball from two sides.
· Touching ball (English: touching ball) (in snooker) - a situation when the cue ball stands together with another ball, touching it.
F
· FBSR - Federation of Billiard Sports of Russia, formed in 1988, today unites about 60 regional federations of billiard sports and is the main organizer of the billiard movement and billiard sports in Russia.
· Foul or fine - any violation of game rules by the participants. In snooker, after one of the players is given a penalty, his opponent is awarded additional points (depending on the type of violation - from 4 to 7), and the right to strike also passes to him.
· Handicap - an agreement on the initial advantage in the number of balls, points, strikes, etc.
· Fluke (eng. fluke), fuchs or simple. “fool” - accidentally hitting the ball into a pocket. Depending on the type of game, a fool can be considered either an effective shot (Pool-9, Pyramid Free (American)) or an ineffective blow (Pull-8, Pool-14.1, Pyramid Classic). In some cases, this is a foul, for example, when, in a game of snooker, the colored ball falls into the pocket the next time the red is hit, or when in Pool-8 the number 8 (black) ball falls into the pocket as a fool.
· Frenchman (in Russian billiards) - a brother-in-law, hammered on the screw by a slow tackle along the side from the ball standing on it.
· Frame (in snooker) - see game.
· Frame ball (mainly in snooker) - a ball, when pocketed, the player wins the frame.
H
· Alien (in Russian billiards) - an aiming ball at which the player strikes.
Sh
· Shaft (German schaft - handle, rod, shank) - the upper, thinner part of the cue.
· Penalty or foul (general) - violation of the rules by a player during the game. When a penalty is announced, the right to strike is usually transferred to the opponent.
E
· Extension (mainly in snooker) -
1. A mechanical device used to increase the length of the cue, put on its back.
2. In a tournament where players have limited time to shoot (usually televised tournaments), extension is the extra time given to make a decision to shoot. Players have a limited amount of extension in each frame.
· Effe - “twisted blow” or blow with rotation, the general name for blows in which the ball also rotates during forward motion.

Russian billiards

• Small Russian pyramid- a fundamental game in Russian billiards. 16 balls: 15 numbered + cue ball. The sum of all the numbers marked on the balls is 120. 10 is added to the number of the ball “1” and 10 is also added to the last remaining ball. Thus, the total sum of points is 140. The goal of the game is to score 71 points. If a player scores 70 points (“his own”), then even if the last ball is laid by his partner in the game, a draw is recorded.
• Great Russian pyramid- the difference in the change in the score. Balls "2, 3, 4, 5" add 10 points.
  
• Moscow pyramid- 15 balls + cue ball. You can play the cue ball as if it were your own. The goal is to score 8 balls.
  
• American- 16 balls, any ball can hit any ball. The goal of the game is to pocket 8 balls.
  
• Pyramid counting balls- the game is counted not by points, but by the number of balls made.
  
• Pyramid with colored balls- 5 colored balls are added, 4 red (40 points), one yellow (50 points).
  
• Pyramid-roll- one of the partners - the “roller” - has two hits in a row.
  
• Pyramid without touching the side- one of the partners has no right to touch the cue ball boards. A head start is required.
  
• Screw- the numbers on the balls change their meaning depending on the number of balls placed in a row and various combined strikes with which one or another ball is placed. In addition, additional points are scored for “crowns” - balls with certain numbers located on each partner’s shelf, and for a certain number of balls placed.
  
• Screw with colored balls- 7 colors are added: four red (30 points), yellow (60 points), green (120 points) and black (240 points).
  
• "A la guerre"- two balls: red and white, unlimited number of players; the first number, as a result of the draw, tries to place one of the two balls closer to the opposite short side in order to make it difficult for the next player to play it, who puts the second ball in the house and has the right to play the predecessor’s ball; if your ball is played, you receive a “cross” - a certain number of crosses means you are eliminated from the game.
• Alager with control ball- a third ball is added, the essence of which is to “cover up one’s own.”
  
• Alager-American- no matter which ball falls, it counts; They play with any ball that is more convenient.
  
• Arctic- the game was invented by polar explorers; is identical to alager, except that each participant has his own ball, with a certain number, and both individual players and teams can compete.
  
• Botifon or bank- another analogue of the alager: the one holding the “batifon” plays alone against everyone in turn. It can give the following types of handicaps: “tight”, “miss”, “self”, “any any”, “mixed”.
  
• Game from the boards- an analogue of an alager: a simple cork is placed on the middle point, the goal of the game is to knock down the cork from the side or sides of the “stranger”.

• Five balls- 60 points (Russian Party) - two white, two red, one yellow. The goal of the game is 60 points. Points are awarded depending on the pocket where the ball hits. There is a system of fines.
• Five carom balls- analogue Five balls - 60 points: points are awarded if the ordered ball is placed in a carom according to the “carom table”.
  
• Officer's party of 5 balls
  
• Polish game of 5 balls
  
• Kaiza(five balls with caroms in Finnish) - five balls: two cue balls (2 points), two red (3 points), one yellow (kaiza, 6 points). To win you need to score 60 points. Points are awarded according to the "carom table".

• Two ball game- two players, two balls; The goal is to put the opponent's ball into one of the pockets without ordering.

Pool

• Direct pool- For each ordered ball played, one point is awarded. The first one to score a pre-agreed total number of points wins. If, along with the ordered one, other balls fall into the pockets, then they are all counted in favor of the player.
  
• Three-ball batch canon- two cue balls (partner's - 2 points, yours from red - 3 points, from your partner's cue ball - 2 points), one red (3 points). The game is played to 50 or 100 points. (in English terminology often found under the name english billiards)
  
• Pul-8
  
• Pul-9
  
• 14+1
• In one pocket
  
• Pul-10
  
• Direct pool in one line
  
• "Meeting engagement"
  

French billiards

• French three-ball carom game- two cue balls, one red. It is played on a pocketless table. Carom - Your cue ball touches the red one and then your partner's cue ball. One carom - one point. As a rule, they play up to 20 points.
  
• Open party
  
• 4 balls- a four-ball version of the classic carom, common in Asia.
  
• Frame 47/1
  
• Frame 74/2
  
• Carom from one side
  
• Carom from three sides
  

Apricole- hitting the cue ball first against the board and then into the ball being played.

Billia– a series of strikes, each of which ends with the balls being played correctly /or made before the first error in the strike/.

cue ball- a ball that is hit with a cue stick. When the cue ball falls into a pocket due to impact with an object ball, the term "friend" or "brother-in-law" is used.

Outset– hitting the cue ball at points lying to the right or left of the central vertical line.

Bortovik– a ball standing close to the side, the same as a side ball.

Head-on– hitting the cue ball at the center of the object ball.

Screw- a shot that imparts rotation to the cue ball or object ball.

At odds – hitting two balls close to each other with the cue ball at the same time.

Pasture– an area adjacent to the house in the middle of the billiards between the 1st and 3rd points.

Popped up ball– a ball that stops after completing a stroke outside the playing surface of the table.

Exhibition- a blow in which the player rolls the ball to a certain place.

Exit- a technique in which the player, having put one object ball in the pocket, simultaneously comes out with the cue ball under the other so that he can easily play it.

Depth– billiards area from point 3 to the far short side.

Double punch– one of the prohibited strikes.

House- a place on the billiards for the initial shot, limited by the sides and a chalk line passing through the first point of the billiards parallel to the short side.

Dugovik- a special type of side kick, when the cue ball describes a curve after the impact.

Doublet- a shot in which the object ball hits the board, is reflected from it and falls into the pocket.

Back line– a line passing through the back mark parallel to the short side.

Rear mark- a point on the longitudinal line equidistant from the center mark and the rear side.

Hares- two shaded balls.

Order- a requirement for the player to announce before striking the object ball and the pocket into which he intends to play it.

Order against balls - an order in which it is intended to strike such a blow when your ball simultaneously hits two adjacent balls. / Since such a blow is almost impossible to establish, such an order is usually not allowed /.

Custom pocket- a pocket called by a player into which he intends to place a designated ball.

Custom ball– a ball that the player calls /orders/ before hitting.

Stuck in lips– the ball stopped in the very opening of the pocket.

Play from your hands– play from any place at home, having previously placed your ball/cue ball/ in this place with your hands. Applicable in cases established by the rules.

Billiard table playing surface – a cloth-covered table surface between elastic sides.

Cannon- a shot in which the cue ball, in addition to the ball being played, touches another or other balls. /Two consecutive collisions of balls/.

Katban– reflection of the ball from four sides.

Cue- one of the pieces of billiard equipment used to hit the ball.

Kix– an unsuccessful hit with the cue ball, when the sticker slides off the ball.

Kick– make a mistake, i.e. hit the cue ball casually with the cue, so that the ball only moves from its place or rolls in a direction unexpected for the player.

Masonry– making balls, dropping an object ball into the pocket.

Klapstoss- a jerky short blow, after which the cue ball, having hit the object ball, remains at the point of contact with it.

Countertouch– a reverse strike on the cue ball by an object ball reflected from the board.

Croizet- a type of doublet in which the object ball, reflected from the board, crosses the line of movement of the cue ball. Also – negotiable.

Mace- one of the pieces of billiard equipment that serves instead of a cue for beginning players.

Mask– when the ball or balls cover the target, which it is desirable to hit with the cue ball.

Masse- one of the special blows, hitting the ball from above.

Typewriter- one of the pieces of billiard equipment that serves as a stand for the cue when making certain shots /for example, if you need to play with balls that cannot be reached in the usual way/.

Chalk– a dry abrasive substance used to rub the cue sticker to prevent kicking.

Pressure– one of the prohibited strikes.

Roll up- a hit to the top of the ball, in which it is given forward rotation to move after the object ball.

Sticker- a leather circle glued to the thin end of the cue.

Start and end of the beat – the beginning of the blow is considered to be any touch of the player to any ball on the billiard table, and the end of the blow is the moment of removing the hand, cue, machine from the billiards and stopping the movement of the balls.

Negotiable- a type of doublet in which the object ball, reflected from the board, crosses the line of movement of the cue ball.

From the ball– the cue ball or object ball entering the pocket due to contact with another ball.

Guy- a blow to the bottom of the ball, from which the cue ball, having hit the object ball, rolls back as a result of the rotation imparted to it.

Wagering- a blow made in such a way as to make it difficult for the opponent to play after it.

Party ball- a ball that is correctly pocketed, which brings victory in the game.

Front line- a line passing through the front mark parallel to the short side.

Front mark - a point on the longitudinal line of the table, equidistant from the center mark and the front edge.

Jump- one of the special attacks.

Pyramid– balls placed on a billiard table close to each other in the form of an equilateral triangle.

Pyramid– a type of world pocket billiards. "Pyramid" is mainly distinguished from other pocket billiards by relatively strict pockets and the game of "own" balls. a) Strict pockets. The “pocket-ball” size ratio in the “Pyramid” is close to one. For pool and snooker this ratio is close to two, i.e. The diameter of the ball is almost half the size of the pocket. "Pyramid" requires great precision, and this leaves a special imprint on the nature of the game. b) Playing "your" balls is the goal in most games in "Pyramid", and in pool and snooker - a penalty. Hence, naturally, the desire of the “Pyramid” players to master the technique of scoring “in-laws”. According to most Pyramid fans, it is from their “in-laws” that they get the most pleasure in the game.

With a pistol / poke / - one of the ways to play with one hand.

Stand– the position of the balls in which it is not difficult to play effectively.

Slider– a soft blow below the center of the cue ball to a point located at a distance of 2/3 from the center of the ball /after such a blow the ball does not roll, but seems to crawl/.

Put- put the cue ball in the pocket.

Object ball– any ball other than the cue ball /abbreviated as “target”/, the same as “foreign” or “played” ball.

Longitudinal line - a line passing through the central mark parallel to the long side.

Miss– when the cue ball has not touched other balls.

"Push through"- one of the prohibited strikes.

Straight ball- a situation in billiards when the cue ball, object ball and pocket being played lie on the same straight line.

Breaking /break the balls/ - an initial blow to the balls standing in the pyramid / sometimes the term “robbery” is used.

Cutting /cut ball/ - a very subtle hit with the cue ball on the edge of the object ball.

Successful strike – a correctly executed shot, accompanied by the ball falling into the pocket and giving the right to continue the series at the table.

Raffle– the procedure for determining the participant who enters the game first.

Rockambole– ricochet on several sides.

Russian billiards- the name of billiards in literature.

Free kick- hitting a ball that is not at the side.

"Mine"- the same as the cue ball.

Make or play a ball – hit another ball with the cue ball so that it falls into the pocket.

Series /with cue/- a sequence of effective strikes by one of the participants.

With a cue /finish the game or put in a few balls/ - when the player finishes the game or has played several balls with one series of shots.

Skix- hit the side of your ball with a cue unsuccessfully, casually, so that the ball only moves from its place or rolls in a direction unexpected for the player.

Lubricate the ball– do not place a relatively easy ball.

Removing balls by hand – when playing “pyramid”, with a cue, and if one of the players does not place the ball, the other removes any ball in his favor.

Billiards stand – player’s position at the table /position of legs, body, head, arms, cue/.

Dry /batch/- a game in which the loser did not manage to play a single ball and take a single point.

Triangle– one of the pieces of billiard equipment, a wooden or plastic triangular frame with which billiard balls are installed before the start of the game.

Triplet– reflection of the ball from two sides.

Troisban– reflection of the ball from three sides.

Ace– a ball marked with the number “1” / when playing “pyramid” it means 11 points/.

Turnyak– the thick part of the cue.

Touche– any touch to another ball: with a cue, hand, machine, clothing, etc., /a ball standing close to another ball/.

Impact on cutting- a shot in which the point of impact is offset relative to the line of the centers of the cue ball and the object ball, as a result of which the object ball receives movement to the left or right.

Elastic side- cloth-covered rubber fixed to the inside of wooden sides. Elastic sides form the outer perimeter of the playing surface of the table.

Foul– any violation of the rules in the sport of billiards.

Handicap– giving one partner to the other in advance the agreed number of points, balls, strikes, etc.

Fuchs- a ball that fell unexpectedly, unexpectedly.

Fuchs's party- a game won only by luck.

Central line – a line passing through the central mark parallel to the short side.

Center mark – a point located in the center of the playing surface of the table.

Alien ball– any ball other than the cue ball is the same as an object ball.

The ball is placed on a common basis – this expression means: 1. When playing “pyramid” the ball is placed on the third point of the billiards or, if it is occupied, it is placed close to the middle of the short side opposite the house, 2. When playing “American” and “Moscow pyramid” the ball is placed tightly in the middle of the short side opposite the house.

Target ball– any ball other than the cue ball is the same as an object ball.

Ball- play so that the cue ball hits the ball, which will put another ball in the pocket.

Effe- a blow that imparts lateral rotation to the ball.

Angled– located behind the lip of the pocket (in relation to the cue ball).
Angle shot- cutting blow.
Apex of triangle– the top of the pyramid, the vertex ball.
Around the table– a shot in which the cue ball touches several sides (including two short ones).
Balance point– longitudinal center of gravity of the cue.
Ball in hand
Ball on– another colored ball (in the sense of “non-red”).
Bank shot– doublet, triplet, etc.
Bed of table- table plate.
Billiard– point, scoring strike.
Blind draw– method of drawing lots.
Bottom cushion- front side.
Break– cluster tamping.
Break– series.
Break ball– (“Straight pool”) a ball for tipping.
Bridge– wrist rest.
Bumper– bumper of the cue bar.
Butt of cue– cue bar.
Butt plate– a cup of a cue bar.
Call shot- order.
Called ball- custom ball.
Called pocket- custom pocket.
Carom– carombol.
Center spot– center mark of the table.
Center string– center mark of the table.
Chalk- chalk.
Check side– internal screw.
Chuck nurse- bread trough.
Cluster– cluster.
Clean bank– (“Onboard pool”) a clean double, triple, etc., during which the ordered object ball did not touch other balls before falling into the pocket.
Clear ball- unmarked cue ball.
Combination- combination strike.
Combination on– two (or more) balls oriented towards the pocket. Obviously it is assumed that the straight line connecting the centers of the balls faces the pocket and the distance between the balls is small. Also called Dead combo or On combo.
Combination on- combination strike.
Contact point– the point of contact between the cue ball and the object ball.
Corner hooked– located behind the lip of the pocket (in relation to the cue ball). see also Angled
Count– point, scoring strike.
Count, the– current game score.
Cross corner- doublet into the corner pocket.
Cross side- doublet into the middle pocket.
Cross table shot- a shot in which the cue ball crosses the table touching the long sides.
Crotch– a triangular zone in each corner of the table when playing straight carom, in which it is allowed to score no more than three points in a row. After this, at least one object ball must leave the zone. This limitation prevents the player from making long streaks using the corner feeder.
Crutch- same as Mechanical B ridge
Cue– cue.
Cueball cue ball
Cueball in hand- the right to place the cue ball anywhere on the table after an opponent’s violation.
Cueball in hand behind the head string– the right to place the cue ball anywhere in the home zone after an opponent’s violation.
Cueball in hand within the D See. WITHueball in hand within the half-circle.
Cueball in hand within the half-circle – the right to place the cue ball anywhere in the sector after it falls into a pocket or jumps out of the table.
Cue tip– sticker on the end of the cue.
Cushion spring board.
Cut– cutting.
Cut shot- cutting blow.
D Sector
Dead ball– head-on (or thick cut) collision between the cue ball and the object ball. In this case, all (or almost all) of the forward energy of the cue ball is transferred to the object ball.
Dead ball shot- a shot in which all or almost all of the forward energy of the cue ball is transferred to the object ball. Also in this situation the term kill shot is used.
Dead combination See Combination on
Diamonds- diamonds.
Double– doublet.
Double bank– triplet.
Double elimination– tournament conditions under which a participant is eliminated after two defeats (in the upper and lower brackets).
Double hit- Double punch.
Double round robin– conditions for a tournament in which each participant plays each other twice.
Draw shot- guy.
Drop pockets– a regular pocket (without an automatic ball return mechanism).
English – side, screw
Feather shot– blow on an extremely thin cut.
Ferrule– tip.
follow shot– roll up.
Follow-through– accompaniment (cue cue).
Foot of table- back half of the table.
Foot spot– back mark of the table.
Foot string- back line of the table.
Foot rail- tailgate.
Force draw- strong pull. The term is usually used to refer to a quickdraw when cutting. In this case, the cue ball is first thrown strongly in the direction of the tangent line, and only then the reverse rotation bends the trajectory of movement.
Force follow- strong roll. The term is used when the cue ball, after contact with the object ball, stops (or is thrown by the cut), and then, due to the top rotation, sharply picks up speed.
Foul– foul, violation.
Foul stroke– a blow during which a violation was committed.
Frame- analogous to a game in snooker.
Free ball– a game situation when any ball can be selected as the next ball (for a detailed explanation, see the Snooker Rules, paragraph 22).
Free break– the initial breaking of the pyramid, in which it is possible to achieve a good distribution of balls on the surface of the table, without any risk or possibility of breaking the rules. This aspect is discussed in more detail in the rules of specific games.
Frozen– a ball standing close to another ball or board.
Full ball– head-on collision between the cue ball and the object ball.
Game- the consignment.
Game ball- party ball.
Gather shot- collective blow.
Grip- grip. The manner of holding the cue bar when striking.
Gully table– a table with an automatic ball return system.
Handicapping– head start. Handicap.
Head of table- the front of the table.
Head rail- front side.
Head spot– front table mark.
Head string- front line of the table.
Hickey– (Snooker golf) foul, violation.
Hide- put on a mask.
High run– the highest number of points played in one series.
Hold
Hold-up english– the same as Reverse English.
Hook- put on a mask.
Hooked be disguised.
Inning – game approach.
In hand– the same as Cueball in hand.
In hand behind the head string– the same as Cueball in hand behind the head string.
In-off– the cue ball falls into the pocket. See also Scratch.
Inside english– internal screw. See also Check side
insurance ball- a safety ball. See also Key ball, Break ball.
In the rack– (“Straight pool”) a ball that interferes with the installation of the pyramid.
Jaw- lip of the pocket.
Jawed ball- the ball, which got stuck between the lips, did not fall into the pocket.
Joint joint of a collapsible cue.
Jump shot- jump.
Jumped ball- popped up ball.
Key ball– key ball. See also Insurance ball, Break ball.
Kick shot- apricole.
Kill shot– same as Dead ball shot
Kiss– collision between balls. Carombol. See also Kiss shot
Kiss shot- strike with a carom.
Kiss-out– an unwanted collision of balls that led to a miss.
Kitchen– slang term for an area of ​​the house.
Lag- a shot in which the cue ball bounces off three or more boards before touching the object balls.
Lag for break- kickoff play.
Leave– the location of the balls after the player hits.
Legal object ball- another ball.
Long- a term that is usually used in relation to a ball (Long ball) to indicate that its distance traveled is lengthened due to the running propeller.
Long string– line for placing balls.
Loop bridge– closed stop.
Losing hazard– the cue ball falling into the pocket after contact with the object ball. A successful shot (“brother-in-law”) in English billiards.
Lot – lot.
Manufacture- tune.
Mass shot– mass.
Match– match, set.
Mechanical bridge- machine.
Miscue– kix.
Miss- miss.
Miss- a situation in snooker in which, in the opinion of the referee, the player deliberately missed the next ball. The referee then calls a foul.
Natural– a strike that is easy to imagine, calculate and execute.
Natural english– a natural running propeller. A small propeller that compensates for the loss of speed and narrowing of the angle of reflection of the cue ball after contact with the board.
Natural roll– natural rolling of the ball.
Nip draw- a short sharp blow with a guy. This technique is used to avoid repeated contact of the cue ball with the cue sticker, and as a result, a foul (in a situation with the cue ball and object ball close together.)
Nurses – feeder
Object ball- aiming ball.
On ball– the same as Ball on.
Open break– open breakdown of the pyramid.
Opening break shot- initial blow.
Open bridge- open stop.
Open table– (“Eight”) open table.
Outside english– external screw.
Peas– small balls numbered from 1 to 15 or 16. Used in some games.
Pills– same as Peas.
Plant– a position of two or more red balls that allows you to perform a combination strike.
Pocket- pocket. Pocket the object ball.
Position- exit, make an exit.
Pot– pocket the object ball.
Powder– talc or soft chalk.
Power draw shot– same as Force draw.
Push shot- pushed through.
Push-out- (“Nine”) rollout.
Pyramid pyramid of balls.
Pyramid spot– the mark at which the top ball of the pyramid is placed.
Race– match, set.
Rack- pyramid. Set up a pyramid.
Rail – handrail
Rail shot– same as Bank shot
red ball- aiming ball.
Rest- machine.
Reverse english– reverse screw.
Round Robin– the conditions of the tournament, under which each participant plays with each other once.
Running english– running propeller.
Running side– running propeller.
Run– series.
Run-out– last (winning) game approach, series.
Safety – roleplaying
Scratch- earn a point in fuchs.
Scratch– the cue ball falls into the pocket.
Screw- guy.
Seeding placement of players in predetermined places of the tournament grid - seeding, seeding.
Set– match, set.
Shaft– shaft.
Short- a term that is usually used in relation to a ball (Short ball) to show that its distance traveled is shortened due to the reverse screw.
Short-rack– a general name for games that use an incomplete pyramid (nine, ten, etc.)
Shot- hit.
Shot making ability– masonry.
Side– screw, side.
Single elimination– conditions of the tournament, under which a participant is eliminated after one defeat (Olympic system).
Skid shot– slider
Snooker– mask.
Snookered– to be disguised by other balls (in relation to the cue ball).
Speed– size of the impact.
Split hit- a shot in which it is impossible to determine which of the two balls the cue ball touched first.
Spot– mark.
Spot – handicap, handicap
Spot ball– one of the cue balls marked with a black dot.
Spot shot– a shot from the hand from the house at the object ball located on the back mark (see explanatory diagram). In a pool, such a blow is considered to be of average difficulty and is taken as a certain starting point.
Spotting balls- placing balls.
Stalemated game- stalemate position.
Stance– gaming stand.
Stop shot– stop. A shot that stops the cue ball.
Straight Rail Billiards– game Direct carom.
Striker– the player taking the kick.
Stroke- hit.
Stun shot– a shot on a small cut, in which the cue ball, after contact with the object ball, moves slightly along the tangent line.
Successful fouls– several consecutive fouls.
Table in position– a situation where the position of the object balls does not change during the impact.
Tester technically difficult shot.
Three cushion- triple-breasted carombol.
Throw– object ball rejection.
Throw shot– a blow with an object ball thrown back.
Time shot– a strike with dynamic strumming.
Top cushion- tailgate.
TPA- the reciprocal of the number of mistakes made by the player.
Triangle- triangle.
V-bridge– the same as Open bridge.
Weight– level of the game (jargon).
Wrap– cue horizontal bar winding.

You need to practice basic skills using simple “head-on” shots: hitting the cue ball in the center of the ball. If your equipment is already more or less good level and you have learned, it's time to get acquainted with different types blows, and practice them already.

Types of cue strikes on the cue ball

There are different ways to hit the cue ball with a cue. The easiest way to understand different types of strikes is to use a simple diagram:

1. strike in the center - “klapstos”. The basic shot from which the development of billiards technique begins. All other hits on the ball offset from the center are called “effe”, to perform them you need to very carefully monitor the condition of the sticker, constantly rub it with chalk;

2. strike above the center point - “roll up”. Excellent for beginners, easy to perform, the aim with such a blow is the most accurate;

3. hit below the center - “draw”. Unlike rolling, it is much more difficult, because the ball needs to be given a reverse horizontal rotation. It must be performed softly, but with a clear, accentuated blow;

4. blows with a screw. You can only give the ball a strictly right or left screw; beginners can do them too. If you move the point of impact further up or down, you will get combined blows - a side screw with a pullback, or with a roll. They are much more difficult, you should already have a good shot, you need to perform them without sudden jerks, very accurately, smoothly, the force of the blow can be adjusted only by the length of the cue and the distance of the supporting hand from the cue ball.

Types of cue ball hits on an object ball

Depending on how the cue ball hits the object ball, there are two types of shots: straight and cut. A straight ball is more difficult to execute; you need to hit it very accurately and technically correctly. In addition, there are also shots when the object ball does not go straight into the pocket, but is pushed off the side, and then falls. This:

• doublet;
• cut doublet;
• croise (a reverse shot; the cue ball, after contact with the object ball, crosses the trajectory of its movement towards the pocket).

The most difficult shots in billiards: description and application

He knows a lot of the most difficult and beautiful strikes, made with professional skill. The game masters have even developed a special one that greatly increases the chances of winning the game. Here are some difficult shots in billiards that you can easily learn after mastering the basics of this game:

• jump (the cue ball jumps over a nearby ball and continues moving towards the target);
• apricole (blow from the side to the object ball);
• counter-touch (the object ball is bounced off the board, hits the cue ball again and after the second contact falls into the pocket). It is better to learn such complex techniques when you have a good command of the basic billiards technique.