How to play chess. Advice for beginner chess players. How to lose chess less often? Blitz chess rules

Chess is a wise game. Long time ago people were attracted by the beauty of chess, their mysterious world. So how do kids or beginners learn to play chess?

Place the chessboard in front of you. It is divided into squares. There are 64 squares in total, half are black and the other half are white. The board is positioned so that in the lower left corner (which is closer to you) there is a black square.

Pieces move on the chessboard. Remember, in order to be able to play, you need to know how the pieces should be placed before the start. In the first row there are pawns, behind them are the rest of the pieces: the extreme ones are the rooks, behind them are the horses, then the bishops, in the middle are the queen and the king. The queen must always be on her own color: black on black, white on white. This position of the pieces is always observed before the start of the game.

Chess is always played by 2 people. One plays black, the other plays white. You can only move one piece per move. The players take turns.

Now UchiEto will introduce you to chess pieces and teach you how to walk with them:

King. This is the most important figure, but rather weak. If the king is checkmate, then the game is lost. He can move to any field adjacent to him only one cell. The main goal of the game is to put the opponent's king in a stalemate and declare checkmate to him. If you succeeded, then you have won.

Queen. The strongest figure. She is also called the queen. She walks as she wants: diagonally, vertically, and horizontally, back and forth. The queen in one move can pass both the entire chess field and one cell.

Rook. It is the second most powerful piece in chess. She moves almost exactly like a queen, but not diagonally.

Horse. This is quite an interesting figure. He moves in this way: 2 squares back, 1 to the side, or 2 squares to the side, 1 back, as well as 2 squares forward, 1 to the side, or 2 squares to the side, 1 forward. The knight changes the color of the field with each move.

Elephant. This piece can only move diagonally, backwards or forwards. He walks through the cells only of his own color, that is, if the horse is white, then in white, and if black, then in black.

Pawn. The weakest figure. The pawn moves only forward, and only one cell, only from its original position, and once it can make a double move (that is, through the cell, for example, a2-a4). But if the pawn manages to go through the whole field, then reaching the last cell on the row, it can become any chess piece, of course, except for the king.

How to play chess correctly?

You have learned how all the chess pieces move individually. But if one figure blocks the path of another, what should be done in this case? You should do this: if your figure is on the way, then the path is closed. However, if the opponent's piece, the path can be cleared by beating it. It happens like this: you remove the opponent's piece from the board, and in its place you put your own piece, with which you beat it. It's all one move. But it is not necessary to beat the pieces.

Let's look at an example:

To the right and left of the white pawn there are a black piece, if it is White's move, then the pawn can beat both one and the second piece and stand in its place.

Almost all the pieces during the game move around the board, beat each other, are removed from the board. Only the king cannot be removed from the board. He can be declared “check”, that is, a warning that he can be beaten. If he gets a “check”, you must immediately react, leave this position. This can be done this way: by leaving for a safe field, defending it with another piece, capturing the attacking piece. If you do not have the opportunity to protect your king, then you have been checkmated. The party is lost. When writing "check" denote +, checkmate - x.

There are 2 more exceptions to the rules of chess

1. 1. You already know that only 1 piece can be moved in one move, but each player is allowed to make a double move once - castling (simultaneously rearrange the rook and king). It is done like this: move the rook to the king, throw the king over it and place it on the other side. Castling cannot be done if: after castling, the rook and king should not be under attack; the king is in check; the rook and king have already moved.
2. 2. This exception applies only to pawns. You can capture a pawn on the aisle while it makes a double move. Once the opponent's pawn has made a double move, you can remove it from the board by placing your pawn on the field as if the opponent's pawn had made a simple move. You can capture a pawn on the aisle only immediately after a double move. If you don't take it right away, you won't be able to. For example, the white pawn on a2 made a double move to a4. The black pawn a!4 can remove the white pawn from a4 and stand on a3, as if the white pawn had made a normal move.

During the game, observe the main rule of chess: if you touch a piece, you must resemble it. Therefore, if you have not thought out the next move in advance, you should not touch the pieces.

You have been introduced to the most basic rules of chess, and now you can play your first game of chess.

How to learn chess annotation?

The annotation is the designation of the pieces on the board. Beginners and children who want to seriously engage in this game should definitely learn this. For description chess game there is a kind of chess language. It's pretty simple. All cells of the chess field are indicated by a Latin letter and a number. Horizontals are indicated by numbers, verticals by letters.

The score is kept from the left field of the white pieces. For example: a1, c2, d3, h4, f8. When recording a figure, the designations are abbreviated: queen - F, king - Kr, knight - K, bishop - C, rook - L, pawn - not indicated.

For example: a2-a4 the number indicates the sequence number of the move, the pawn moved from the a2 field to the a4 field.

You can record the move in abbreviated form, indicating only the “point of arrival”. For example: a4.

Black's move is recorded with three dots before recording. For example: ...a5 - the black pawn moved from a7 to a5.

The capture of a piece is written ":". For example: Q: a7 - the queen took the pawn a7.

Chess is played on a 64-cell board: 8 horizontal rows, numbered with numbers, and 8 vertical rows, marked with Latin letters from A to H. The fields of the chessboard are divided into black and white, they are painted in dark or light colors, respectively. Each field has its own address - the intersection of the vertical letter and the horizontal number. The board is placed between the players so that the dark corner field is to the left of the player, for example, the A1 field for white, the H8 field for black.

Rules of the game of chess. , their initial position

Two people play chess, each has a starting set of 16 pieces, one has a light color - white, the other has a dark color - black. At the beginning of the game, the chess player has the following pieces: king, queen, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks and 8 pawns. The player playing with white places his pieces on the first two horizontals, black is located on the 7th and 8th horizontal.

I will describe how to arrange the pieces using White as an example: put your 8 pawns on the second horizontal line, rooks in the corners, horses next to them, bishops behind them, and already in the center of the first horizontal line there are a queen and a king. In order not to confuse on which central squares of the first line the queen and king stand, there is such a rule - the queen loves her color, that is, if you play white, then the queen goes to the white field D1, if black, then to black - D8.

Chessmen. From left to right - King - Queen - Bishop - Knight - Rook - Pawn

Rules of the game of chess. moves

A move is the movement of one's piece from the field where it stands to another free field or a field occupied by an opponent's piece. In the second case, someone else's piece is removed from the board, one's own piece is put in its place, and this action is called a capture, or in a simple way "they ate the piece." You cannot go to the fields where your own figure stands. Pieces, with the exception of the knight, cannot jump over their own or others. Each piece moves according to its specific rules.

So, how do the figures move:

— Pawn moves only forward, if this is her first move, then she can move two fields, in the future she can only move 1 cell. The pawn eats on 1 square diagonally, obliquely forward.

Pawn move, next move - capture someone else's pawn

A pawn has the opportunity to capture someone else's pawn if, on the first move, the opponent's pawn passes the square, stopping on which it could be captured - this is called a capture on the aisle. When capturing on the aisle, someone else's pawn is removed from the board, and yours is placed on a square on which a pawn could be captured.

A pawn move, and the next move is a capture on the aisle

If the pawn reaches the last rank (for white it is the eighth, for black it is the first), then it turns into any other piece, with the exception of the king, at the request of the player. For example, your pawn reaches the end, you remove it from the board and put the queen on the same square.

— Rook moves to any field vertically or horizontally (left - right, top - down).

— Elephant moves to any square diagonally, while if the bishop initially stood on a white square, then it is called a light-squared bishop and it moves only along the light squares of the diagonals. Similarly with the dark-squared bishop.

— Queen- the strongest piece in chess, can move to any field vertically, horizontally and diagonally.

— King- can only move 1 square in any direction.

But he cannot go to beaten squares - these are squares on which your piece can be eaten by the opponent's next move.

The king has a special move in interaction with the rook, it is called castling. If the king has not moved since the beginning of the game, then it can castle with the rook. The king moves 2 squares to the side, and the rook stands next to it.

Short castling
Castling long

— Horse goes Russian capital letter"G" in any direction, that is, two cells vertically and one horizontally or two horizontally and one vertical. The knight is the only chess piece that can jump over both its own and other people's pieces.

Rules of the game of chess. Goal, win or draw

The chess players take turns making moves, with White taking the first move. A game of chess continues until a win or a draw. You win if you checkmate your opponent. To better understand what checkmate is, let's start by looking at the concept of check.

Shah- this is a move after which the enemy king is on the field you beat, that is, under the threat of being eaten. Such a move means to give (declare) check to the king. The king in check must next move eliminate the check, for example, move to another square or defend against the check with his piece or capture the piece giving the check.

check with bishop

Mat- this is when the king is in check and cannot eliminate this check, that is, the player who made an irresistible check checkmate the opponent.

White checkmate

The game ends in a draw if there is no way to checkmate, for example, one has only a king left, and the second has a king and a bishop or a king and a knight. It is impossible to checkmate with one knight or bishop, so a draw is fixed. If one of the players puts Pat, then this is also considered a draw.

White makes an erroneous move and it turns out to be a draw, since Pat is on the board

Pat- this is when a position appears on the board in which the opponent cannot make a move. A stalemate is similar to a checkmate, with a very important exception, with a checkmate there is a check, and with a stalemate there is no check.

The most common misconceptions about the rules of chess are possible.

The page contains a selection of chess lessons that will allow you to learn the basics of the game, learn how to start and finish a chess game correctly. A novice player will learn effective attack techniques to gain an advantage over an opponent and complete the game in their favor.

The first instructional video talks about the basics of the game, about the main points that allow you to start playing chess. Explains the rules for arranging the pieces on the board, the rules by which the pieces move. The student who watches the video forms the concepts of checkmate and checkmate. Particular attention is paid to king castling, its rules, types and features.

A story about, these concepts are explained, the difference between them. The question is raised about combining and calculating possible moves and ways of development of events on the chessboard. The value of game pieces is compared. The second part of the video talks about the most important part tactical game: bundles of figures.

This lesson is about something else. tactical technique in the game: lure. The purpose of luring is to force your opponent to take a square that is beneficial for you and not profitable for yourself. The issue of sacrificing a piece with the subsequent obtaining of a qualitative advantage and an inevitable mate is considered. The concept of "double check" is explained.

Another method of correct tactics: distraction of the opponent's piece. The player forces the opponent to move one of his pieces to the square he needs (as a rule, sacrificing his piece in the process), either gaining a significant qualitative advantage or ending the game with an attack on the king and checkmate. Attention is paid to the "window" technique with perfect castling.

The study of the most powerful attack tool - a double strike, which completes the intended combination and leads to a quantitative advantage over the opponent. The double strike is a successful combination of the two tactics studied above: distraction and enticement, ending with the creation of a "fork".

The concept of "check" is considered in depth. The implementation of the "double check" and "open check" is being studied, in which the opponent loses a piece or loses the game, forcibly removing the king from under the blow. It tells about the "mill" technique, which includes a sequence of "double checks" when winning a material advantage.

The tactic of "open attack" is considered, where, when attacking an opponent's piece, it becomes possible to improve the material (quantitative) position by capturing a more significant opponent's piece, or by winning the game.

The lesson is devoted to the rules for deploying figures in vantage point at the start of the game. The basic rules for playing openings to gain an advantage and capture the central part of the board are considered. The basic principles for a successful start of the game are given: maintaining the tempo, early castling, developing minor pieces, and others.

The basics of the endgame are considered - the completion of a chess game with a material advantage of the player over the opponent. It tells what pieces can checkmate a lone king. The technique of checkmate in the presence of a king and a queen is being studied.

Continuation of the study of the endgame - a successful completion of the chess game in the presence of a king and a rook with a lone opponent's king. The basic principles of the technique of such a mat, the correct setting of the figures are considered, and possible errors are indicated.

This article discusses the rules of chess for children and beginners. If you find it easier to master the material visually, then start the above video. It is more designed for children, but suitable for beginners of any age.

Chess — ancient game and has long been compared to a battle. According to one of the legends, even the invention of chess is associated with the order of one ruler-commander who wanted to get a game, so to speak, a simulator of a real battle between two armies. And although living blood does not flow in chess, it is quite appropriate to imagine a chess player as a commander in command of an army of pieces in order to better understand the tricks of battles at the chessboard. And perhaps we should start from this very chessboard.

Chess board for beginners

Naturally, every commander must study the location and terrain where he will have to plan and conduct battles. It is easier for a chess player in this regard, because he will play all his fights on the same "terrain", on a standard chessboard. But experienced players study this “terrain” thoroughly, remember literally by name the proper name of each cell, its color, they know where the hottest fight is likely to take place on the board, how and what pieces it is better to bring there ...

Do not neglect the study of the chessboard!

The theater of military operations where you have to conduct chess battles is a square, in turn divided into black and white squares - fields. There are 64 fields in total, 32 white and 32 black.

Black and white fields alternate and, it would seem, the board is symmetrical, you can turn it as you like, nothing will change. But it's not. Before starting the game, make sure that the left corner field closest to you is black.

Each field of the chessboard has its own name - coordinates. To do this, use the Latin letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and the numbers from 1 to 8, written along the edges of the board like this:

The rows of 8 fields opposite each of the numbers are called horizontals, and the columns of 8 fields opposite each of the letters are called verticals. Accordingly, the horizontals and verticals are indicated by their number or letter. Horizontal 1, horizontal 2 ... or vertical a, vertical b, etc. Thus, each field belongs to one vertical and one horizontal, from which each field gets its name - coordinates. For example, a field located simultaneously on the vertical f and on the horizontal 4 has a name - the field f4.

The fields of a chessboard of the same color, located on the same line are called diagonals. It is easy to guess that they go diagonally across the board.

Rules for moving pieces

Chess armies line up on the battlefield face to face. The forces of the parties before the battle are absolutely equal and the result of the battle depends only on the talent and knowledge of the generals. Pawns line up in front of each army.

White has 8 pawns on the second rank and Black has 8 pawns on the seventh rank. Pieces line up behind the pawns.

• rooks stand at the corners of the board:

• horses stand next to the rooks:

• next to the horses - elephants:

In order not to confuse the queen and king, you should remember a simple rule " The queen loves her color". Thus, the white queen should be placed on the white square, and the black queen on the black one. The side of the board where the kings are in the initial position is called the kingside, and where the queens are, the queenside.

Initial location on the diagram:

On a wooden chessboard:

The first move in a chess game is always made by White. A move is the movement of one piece from one square to another, free or occupied by an opponent's piece.

And now let's analyze how and what pieces make these moves, find out the capabilities of our soldiers.

Rook

The rook is a straightforward and powerful piece, the long-range artillery of chess, it can move any number of squares horizontally or vertically.

Elephant

The bishop is also a long-range piece, the chess archer can move any number of squares diagonally. It is easy to see that each bishop can move on squares of the same color, either only on white or only on black. On the field of what color in the initial position the bishop ended up, he will walk along the fields of the same color to the end. Therefore, elephants are called white-field and black-field, respectively.

Queen

The strongest piece, combines the capabilities of a rook and a bishop. Can move any number of free spaces in any direction in a straight line, horizontally, vertically, and diagonally.

Horse

The horse is the most cunning figure. If the rest of the pieces move straight along open lines, then the knight is not like that. The knight goes two squares straight horizontally or vertically in either direction, and sharply turns 900 in either direction. The diagram shows how the knight on b6 can move. He steps over squares b7 and b8, turns and stands on square c8. It turns out a route similar to the letter "G". Therefore, it is easy to remember "The horse walks with the letter G." And you can rotate this "letter" as you like. The diagram shows all the knight's moves from the e5 square. It should be noted that during its move, the horse must go through the "letter G" from the beginning to the end, it cannot stop in the middle of the "letter".

An interesting feature of the knight is the only piece that, after each move, changes the horizontal, vertical, diagonal and color of the field on which it stands.

Another trick of the knight, he can "take the barrier", during his move "jump" over neighboring pieces. In the diagram, we see that the knight on b1 is surrounded by pawns and a bishop, and in order to make a move, it seems to have to wait until it is freed up for a move. This would be true for any other piece, but not for the knight. The knight easily overcomes the barrier and can, at the request of the player, jump to the squares a3 or c3, or d2

King

The most important and valuable figure. The goal of a chess battle is to capture the opponent's king, to declare checkmate to him.

The king, like the queen, can move horizontally, vertically, diagonally in any direction, but only one field.

However, once per game, the king has the right to make a more frisky move, castling. If all the pieces standing between the king and the rook have left, and the king and the rook themselves have not yet made moves,

the king can move two squares towards the rook, and the rook "jumps" over the monarch, covering him with his broad back. This is how the position of the rook and king will look like after a short castling on the kingside:

And so after long castling on the queenside:

It must be remembered that, although both the king and the rook move during castling, according to the rules, castling is considered to be the move of only the king. Therefore, if you want to castle, you need to start it by moving the king two squares to the side, and then move the rook. You should not first push the rook towards the king, and then hide the king behind it. In this case, the opponent can say: “First you touched and moved the rook, move the rook, don’t touch the king.”

Castling is not possible:

• if the king or rook has already made moves during the game;
• if there is a piece between the king and the rook;
• if the square on which the king is located or the square that he must cross or occupy is attacked by an opponent's piece.

If only the rook is attacked or crosses the square attacked by the opponent, castling is allowed.

Pawn

Pawns are ordinary soldiers, infantrymen of the chess army. With its characteristics, the pawn resembles an ancient Roman legionnaire. Alone, a legionnaire torn off from the formation, as a combat unit, is weak, but the formation, where the legionnaires support and protect each other, can sweep anyone out of their way. In battle, the phalanx of legionnaires is doomed to move only forward. If other types of troops, cavalry, archers, can maneuver, move back, to the side, then the formation of legionnaire infantrymen always slowly and inevitably moves directly towards the enemy. To turn, retreat, means to break the system and die.

The pawn must also move only forward. From the initial position to two or one field, at the request of the player, with the next moves - only to one field. In the diagram, the pawns a2 and b2 are in their initial positions and can go to two squares or one. The a2 pawn is on the a3 or a4 square, and the b2 pawn is on the b3 or b4 squares. It can be seen that the rest of White's pawns have already moved, so they can only move one square. The c3-pawn can go to the c4-square, the g6-pawn to the g7-square, the h5-pawn to the h6-square.

A pawn, unlike other pieces, simply has a different move and a move with a capture. Again, remember the Roman legionnaire. Covered with a wide heavy scutum shield and armed with a short gladius sword, the legionnaire stabbed not directly in front of him, but obliquely from the shield, forward and sideways. The pawn also attacks forward and sideways, diagonally one square. In the diagram, the pawn on d4 rested its shield against the shield of the black pawn on d5 and cannot hit it, but it can mortally sting the knight on c5. The pawn on g6 can pierce the rook on f7 or the black pawn on h7.

As we can see, the black e7 pawn is in its initial position, and therefore has the right to move two squares forward, to e5. She has something, but the e6 square is under attack by the white pawn f5, and it is fraught for infantrymen to run across the fields located in the zone of action of the enemy sword. In this situation, the white f5-pawn can capture the black pawn that has run past, and itself move to the e6-square. Such a capture is called an aisle capture. Such a capture is possible only immediately, in response to the dash of the enemy pawn.

When a pawn, having overcome all dangers, reaches the horizontal, it, at the request of the player, turns into any piece except the king. In the vast majority of cases, the pawn is promoted to the most powerful piece, the queen.

Other chess rules

As you know, in any battle, soldiers do not just maneuver on the battlefield, they attack and beat enemy soldiers, but they themselves defend themselves from enemy attacks. Chess pieces are no exception, they also attack, beat the enemy and defend themselves from attacks.

Moves in chess are performed by opponents in turn. A move can consist of a simple movement of one's own piece, or it can consist of capturing an opponent's piece. At the same time, it is removed from the board, and the piece that made the capture is put in place of the beaten piece.

In the diagram, the black queen, on her move, can capture the white rook on e3, in which case the rook is removed from the board, and the queen that captures it moves to e3. Also, the queen can take the bishop not on a6. In this case, the bishop is removed, and the queen stands on a6. Other possible captures by different pieces are also shown.

An attack on a king is called a check. The diagrams show a check to the king from various pieces.

The player must defend himself against the check. This can be done in three ways - leave the king, close the king with your piece, take the attacking enemy piece. In the diagram, the white queen attacked the black king and declared check. Black can leave with his king, close with a rook, or take the checker queen with his bishop.

If a position arises when the king is in check, and the player cannot make a single move to avoid it, this means that the king is checkmated. From Arabic, the phrase "shah mat" is translated as "the king is dead." The main goal of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king. In chess, it means losing. The party ends.

The diagram shows checkmate to the black king. The white rook on d8 gives a check, it is impossible to close or capture the attacked rook, just as it is impossible to get away from the check.

Chess games are not always played to checkmate. Often a player who has received a bad position and considers his position hopeless, gives up without waiting for a checkmate, as he is sure that a checkmate is inevitable sooner or later. However, even in the most difficult position, if the opponent is inattentive, the losing player can avoid defeat and demand a draw.

If a position arises in which the side that has the right to move cannot use it, since all its pieces and pawns are deprived of the opportunity to make a move according to the rules, and the king is not in check, this means that there is a stalemate on the board. The game ends and a draw is declared.

In the diagram, white has a rook and a king against a lone black king. White is looking forward to victory and is ready to checkmate and win in a few moves. However, it's Black's turn. They don't have a shah, and they have nowhere to go. The rook cannot be captured, it is under the protection of the king, the squares a7 and b8 are under attack by the rook. Pat. Draw.

Another draw situation is a three-time repetition. Often achieved by perpetual check. In the diagram, White has a material advantage and is ready to checkmate with the next move. However, it is Black's move and he moves his queen to f2 and declares check. The white king must retreat to h1, there is no other way to defend. But Black checks again, returning with his queen to f1. The white king has no choice but to return to h2. There is no way to avoid continuous checks. And after a threefold repetition of the position, a draw is declared.

Also a draw is fixed:

• if both sides have made the last 50 moves without a capture and without a pawn move;
• if there are not enough pieces left on the board to checkmate.

And of course, the players have the right, by mutual agreement, to fix a draw if none of them sees a way to win.

A novice chess player should still remember an important rule, chess commanders, having given a rash order, cannot immediately cancel it. They don’t take back moves, but touching a piece, they are obliged to go with it. "Touched - go!"

— Chess: Rules and Fundamentals
— Learning to play chess for beginners: where can I get information?
- Start learning from the end - figure out how to act in the endgame
- Always analyze your game

It's never too late to learn how to play chess popular game in the world! Learning the rules of chess is easy:

Step 1. How to install the board.
Before the game, the board is positioned so that in the lower right corner in front of each player there is a white field. Chess pieces are always placed in the same way. The second row (or horizontal) is occupied by pawns. The rooks stand in the corners, next to them are the horses, after the knights the bishops, finally, the queen is placed on the field of her color (white queen on white, black on black), and the king occupies the remaining field.

Step 2. How the pieces move.
Each of the 6 pieces moves differently. Pieces cannot jump over other pieces (with the exception of the knight) or enter a square where a piece of the same color is already standing. However, they can take the place of an opponent's piece, which is considered captured. Pieces are usually placed to threaten opponent's pieces with a capture (to stand on the square where the captured piece stood, replacing it), defend their own pieces that are threatened with a capture, or control important squares on the board.

Step 3 Learn the specific rules of chess.
There are a few special rules in chess that may seem illogical at first. They were invented to make the game more fun and interesting.

Step 4. Find out who goes first in the game.
The player with the white pieces always goes first. To decide who will play white, the players usually flip a coin or one of the players guesses the color of the pawn hidden in the opponent's hand. Then White makes a move, then Black makes a move, then White again, then Black, and so on in turn until the end of the game. Being able to go first is a small advantage that gives the player the ability to immediately launch an attack.

Step 5. Look again at the rules for how to win a game of chess.
A game of chess has only two possible outcomes: checkmate or draw.

Step 6. Learn basic strategic techniques.
There are four simple things that every chess player should know:
1) Protect your king
2) Don't give away pieces
3) Control the center of the chessboard
4) Use all your shapes

Step 7 Practice by playing as much as possible.
To improve in chess, the most important thing for you is to play! Whether you play at home with friends or family or online, you need to play a lot to get better. It's easy to find parties online these days!

— Learning to play chess for beginners: where can I get information?

There are many ways. You can buy specialized literature or find the necessary information on the Internet. Many resources offer learning to play chess online, and if you really want to, you can learn how to play chess from video. A lot depends on the form in which you absorb information better - it can be written instructions, oral instructions, or games and moves recorded on video.

The main recommendation when learning to play chess is in no case to rush, carefully and carefully go through and study each lesson. Only in this case it is possible to achieve good results. Self-learning chess is a great solution for adults and children who want to make this game their hobby and just enjoy it by devoting a certain part of their free time to it on a regular basis. For these purposes, learning to play chess by video or learning chess online may also be suitable.

You can also ask an acquaintance, friend or relative who plays chess (if any) to explain the rules and principles to you. This has its advantages - for many people it is easier to perceive information not through reading, viewing or listening to theory, but immediately through a person with experience. After all, he is able not only to tell about the elementary rules of the game, but at the same time to tell about various nuances, possible situations that may arise during the course of a chess game.

After mastering the theory, you can start practicing - real chess games. For a start, computer programs that can be found on the Internet may be suitable, but it is still better that the opponent is real and plays better than you. This will give you the opportunity to strive to improve your skills and level up. Another advantage is that a more experienced player can always give useful recommendations, point out your inaccuracies and mistakes.

- Start learning from the end - figure out how to act in the endgame

There are three stages in a chess game - opening, middlegame, endgame - and each of them is important in its own way. The classics advise to start learning chess from the endgame. The fact is that when there are few pieces left on the board, you will better feel the properties of each of them: in what types of positions it is strong, in what it is not very. Basic books on this stage: "What you need to know about the endgame" by Yuri Averbakh and "Chess endings" by Alexander Panchenko. They can also be found electronically.

Of course, knowledge of openings is also indispensable: if you regularly get " children's mat”, then you won’t be able to survive until the endgame. Choose open openings whenever possible (with white e2-e4, black in response to the move of the king's pawn - e7-e5) in order to start a lively combinational play. Each growing chess player must repeat in miniature the path that chess has traveled over its centuries-old history, relatively speaking - from romanticism to rationalism and pragmatism. But this is no longer an elementary, but rather an advanced level.

In a nutshell, your main task in the opening is to develop your pieces as soon as possible and, if possible, prevent your opponent from doing the same. Try to capture the center with pawns. Deduce light pieces first (knights and bishops), then heavy pieces (rooks and queen). Remember that castling is a reliable means to protect your king from storms and storms (at least for a while). Without some specific great idea, don't move twice in the opening with the same piece.

In the middle of the game (middlegame) continue, first of all, the struggle for the center and for strong points for your pieces. Keep your pawn structure as flexible as possible - ideally, your pawns should line up like legionnaires in a Roman phalanx. And try to destroy the opponent's pawn structure: create doubled and isolated pawns for him, which are easy to attack. In addition, on the squares in front of such pawns, your minor pieces usually feel very good, since other pawns cannot drive them away.

In other words, first learn to play positions with a small number of pieces. Remember the main objectives of the opening - to develop the pieces and capture the center. Don't forget about castling. Keep your pawns close and destroy your opponent's pawn lines.

- Always analyze your game

After playing 2-4 games, be sure to take a break and analyze your creativity. If you play on a computer, the parts are usually recorded automatically. Games with a real opponent can be recorded in a notebook, for this, study chess notation.

The most effective method of analysis is to look at the record of your game, slowly move the pieces on the board and try to understand where mistakes were made, where something went wrong as originally intended. It is even more useful to analyze games together with your opponent, exchanging opinions and impressions: who was going to carry out what plan, who blundered what, etc. Here we are talking, first of all, about the opponents with whom you played “live”, at the chess table; on the Internet, it is somehow not customary to disassemble a game that has just been played with an opponent. At the same time, be prepared for the fact that an opponent on the Internet (usually playing under a pseudonym) can write something unpleasant to you. In this case, it makes no sense to get involved in a verbal skirmish; remember the saying “they don’t take offense at fools” and find yourself another opponent.

Today it is possible to analyze played games with the help of special computer programs- so-called "engines" (for example, Stockfish). This method allows you to save time, but it is less useful, and in some ways even harmful, as it leads to the habit of "turning off your head." Such programs can often be downloaded for free on the Internet. All engines have a function of viewing the game and analysis, when you are shown an assessment of the position on the screen. Pay attention, first of all, to large differences in assessment: it means that at this moment you or your opponent made a mistake.

The material was prepared by Dilyara specifically for the site