What is the name of the peak? What are the correct names for card suits? How to correctly name card suits

You may not play Pokemon Go - I believe; haven’t watched a single episode of “Games of Thrones” - easily; but it is unlikely that you have never held playing cards. They are so common that everyone has known them since childhood and are found in almost every apartment (if you don’t have one, let me know in the comments, it’s interesting to count).

When playing cards, we called them suits. For example, spades, and spades, and spades, and spades, and spades, and diamonds, and diamonds, and tambourines...

So, if everyone played cards, only a few named them correctly.

What are the correct names? card suits.

Table 1. Declensions of suit names (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	club	tambourine	heart
Genitive	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts
Dative	dive	clubs	tambourine	worm
Accusative	pike	clubs	tambourine	worm
Instrumental	pike	club	diamond	hearts
Prepositional	dive	clubs	tambourine	worm

Conversational vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	guilt	cross	booba	-
Genitive	blame	cross	diamonds	-
Dative	wine	cross	bube	-
Accusative	guilt	cross	boo Boo	-
Instrumental	guilt	cross	Buboy	-
Prepositional	wine	cross	bube	-

Table 2. Declensions of suit names (plural)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts worms
Genitive	peak	clubs	tambourine	heart worms
Dative	peaks	clubs	tambourines	to worms hearts
Accusative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	worms hearts
Instrumental	in peaks	clubs	tambourines	hearts worms
Prepositional	peaks	clubs	tambourines	of hearts worms

Conversational vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	blame	cross	diamonds	-
Genitive	wine	cross	diamonds	-
Dative	wines	crosses	diamonds	-
Accusative	blame	cross	diamonds	-
Instrumental	wines	crosses	diamonds	-
Prepositional	wines	crosses	diamonds	-

Table 3. Declensions of adjectives formed from names of suits (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	club	diamond	hearts red
Genitive	peak	club	diamonds	of hearts red
Dative	peak	club	diamonds	hearts red
Accusative	peak	club	diamonds	of hearts red
Instrumental	peak	with clubs	diamonds	of hearts in red
Prepositional	peak	club	diamonds	hearts red

Table 4. Declensions of adjectives formed from names of suits (plural)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	clubs	diamonds	hearts red ones
Genitive	peak	clubs	diamonds	of hearts red
Dative	peak	with clubs	diamonds	of hearts in red
Accusative	peak	clubs	diamonds	hearts red ones
Instrumental	peak	with clubs	diamonds	of hearts in red
Prepositional	peak	clubs	diamonds	of hearts red

And I’ll immediately warn the reader against worrying about correct pronunciation. The main thing is that your opponents understand you. And so that you know how to play cards. And it’s not the point that usually ruins it.

We will talk about the etymology of suits separately.

How to correctly name card suits

Today there are many serious discrepancies in the names of card suits. For example, you can say: hearts or reds? How is it really correct?
There are three views on this problem. The first is the view of classical Russian literature in the works of Pushkin, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Gogol, Dostoevsky and other famous Russian writers. The second look is Soviet language practice and the third look is modern slang. Many well-known authors of books on card games suggest using the names of suits that are indicated in classical literature, while other well-known authors believe that it is necessary to use terms from Soviet times. My personal opinion is to use the names of the card suits that people want to use during the game. These can be any names with any declensions. As for what names were used to name the card suits, it is better to leave it to historians, let it be recorded in the reference literature.
Below I will give several tables of case forms of the names of card suits in normative and colloquial vocabulary.

Table 1. Declensions of suit names (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	Clubs	Tambourine	Cherva
Genitive	peaks	Clubs	Diamonds	Hearts
Dative	dive	Clubs	Tambourine	Cherve
Accusative	pike	Clubs	Tambourine	Worm
Instrumental	pike	Clubs	Bubnoy	Worms
Prepositional	dive	Clubs	Tambourine	Cherve

Conversational vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Guilt	Cross	Buba
Genitive	Vinny	Cross	Booby
Dative	Wine	Cross	Bube
Accusative	Blame	Cross	Boo Boo
Instrumental	Blame	Cross	Buboy
Prepositional	Wine	Cross	Bube

Table 2. Declensions of suit names (plural)

Suit

Nominative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Hearts

Worms

Genitive

peak

Clubs

Tambourine

Heart

Worms

Dative

Peaks

Clubs

Tambourines

To the worms

Hearts

Accusative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Worms

With hearts

Instrumental

In spades

Clubs

Diamonds

To the Hearts

Worms

Prepositional

Peaks

Clubs

Bubnakh

Chervakh

Worms

Conversational vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Vinny	Cross	Booby
Genitive	Vin	Cross	Bubey
Dative	Vinam	Crosses	Bam
Accusative	Vinny	Cross	Booby
Instrumental	Wines	Crosses	Diamonds
Prepositional	Vinah	Crosses	Bubyakh

Table 3. Declensions of adjectives formed from names of suits (singular)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovy

Hearts

Chervonny

Genitive

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovogo

Chervovogo

Chervonny

Dative

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovoy

Chervovoy

Chervonny

Accusative

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovogo

Chervovogo

Chervonny

Instrumental

Pikov

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervov

Chervonny

Prepositional

Pikov

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervovoy

Chervonnom

Table 4. Declensions of adjectives formed from names of suits (plural)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Clubs

Diamonds

hearts

red ones

Genitive

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovykh

of hearts

red

Dative

Pikov

Trefov

Bubnov

of hearts

in red

Accusative

Peak

Clubs

Diamonds

hearts

red ones

Instrumental

Peak

Clubs

Bubnov

of hearts

in red

Prepositional

Peak

Clubs

Bubnovykh

of hearts

red

In Russia, the outdated names of card suits were called: spades - pichka, pikovochka, pikushka; clubs - trefushka, trefonka, trefonochka; tambourines - tambourine, tambourine, tambourine, tambourine; wormy - fats, fatty, fatty. Vernacular forms: pikes, clubs, pikes, clubs. Colloquial forms: peaks - wine, wine; clubs - crosses, crosses, acorns; worms - worms, fats; tambourines - tambourines, tambourines, calls.
In Germany, the suits have the following meanings: spades - spades; clubs - clubs; hearts - hearts; diamonds are diamonds.
In Spain, card suits mean: spades - swords; clubs - coins; hearts are swords, diamonds are cups.
In France, the names of the suits are similar to our names: spades - spades; clubs - trefoil; hearts - hearts; tambourines - tiles.

Everyone's favorite card games are firmly rooted in modern society. A deck of cards and a couple of good friends will help you pass any leisure time. It's no secret that people have come up with many exciting games using a deck of cards. Where did playing cards come from and what were they called before? The card suit of spades is of interest to both amateurs and professionals.

Rooted in China

Like many other ancient objects, maps have a fascinating history, often steeped in myths and legends. Since they were invented a long time ago, no one can say where they exactly came from. However, there are quite Interesting Facts, which suggest that cards first appeared in the Empire of Silk. The ancient Chinese dictionary says that playing cards are an ancient heritage of China, and that it was there that they became so widespread.

According to this theory, the four suits symbolized the seasons. Before the advent of paper copies, the ancient Chinese used “cards” from ivory, wood, and the Japanese even from mussel shells. In the thirteenth century, the fascinating “overseas game” became known in Egypt and India. Europe learned about it two more centuries later. An interesting fact is that the appearance of maps on its territory coincides with the arrival of gypsies there.

What were they called before? Card suit of spades: history and meaning

European versions of the cards have their own equally interesting explanation. The suits familiar to the modern player also have their own individual history. What was the card suit called spades in the old days? It often symbolized a spear or a flower. In Rus' everything was much less poetic - “shovel”. Such names are most likely explained by the shape of the figure, symbolizing the suit, which is indeed somewhat similar to the above-mentioned objects. But another name was popular in Russia in the old days. The peaks were sometimes called vinas (grape leaves).

Although the maps themselves originated in China, France brought its own changes to them. It was the French who added suits to the playing deck. Since then, this option has spread worldwide. As history shows, initially the suits symbolized the essential attributes of a knight - a sword (clubs), a spear (spades), a shield (hearts) and a coat of arms (diamonds). Now it is not difficult to understand why the card suit of spades used to be called that way. In India, these four images had a completely different meaning. Each suit was a symbol of a certain class - the nobility, merchants, clergy and, of course, royalty.

Maps and the royal court

By the way, about kings. Card games were more than popular with them. Not long ago it became known that cheating flourished even in the royal palaces. The kings themselves resorted to this “innocent trick,” which was quite difficult for the common people to comprehend. Both now and before, we could be talking about quite large sums of money.

Gamblers often lost to smithereens and also ended up in debt. Given this state of affairs, the first bans on gambling, which significantly reduced the number of inveterate cheaters.

21st century deck

Every self-respecting player should know the history of his hobby, including cards. What were they like? What were they called before? The card suit of spades itself has interesting story, not to mention others.

Many are also interested in the question of who became the author of the famous images? Today, the cards have a fairly modern look, although they are made according to the sketches of Charlemagne, who came up with these drawings back in the last century. Although cards are now available to almost everyone, there are expensive decks from world brands that are intended mainly for poker or bridge. Having gone through several thousand years of history, they changed and came to the twenty-first century exactly as they are known today. Now for many, the origin of the cards does not matter at all: where they came from and what they were called before. The card suit of spades (like hearts, clubs and diamonds) has gone through a fascinating journey and deserves close attention.

By the way, card suits have many names: wine-spas, cross-clubs, diamonds, hearts
IN English language the cards are named very logically: hearts - hearts, diamonds - diamonds, cross - crosses, spades - spades
In Italy, Spain and Portugal, for example, instead of the usual suits, for a very long time there were bowls, coins, swords (swords) and shelves.
Cards came to Russia from Germany, through Poland. That's why the suits were called in Polish for a long time, so red (in Polish, red) became "chervo". Vines - old peaks - were so called because they had a vine depicted on them for a long time. Soon, the French trend came, and they called and painted the suits differently: Pigue, Treffe


• As far as I know, the type of women, as well as men, is determined based on their character, behavior and reaction to stimuli. But to use maps to determine... For me, this is complete nonsense.

  The festival of pandemonium is based on historical events, the battle in 1392, when many Ustyuzhan warriors were mistakenly beaten by the Vyatchans in the darkness of the night. During the pandemonium, tents are set up near the tombstone chapel, and special clay horses, whistles and rattles, balls and various delicacies made specifically for this day are sold. Then the children play with dolls, constantly whistling, or standing on both sides of the ditch, as if in an offensive position, throwing balls at each other, as if as a reminder of the military mistake of their ancestors, and each miss is accompanied by a whistle. whistling is a common folk expression, MISS "...

  Are you watching Field of Miracles? =))))))))))

  The Queen of Diamonds...because she’s multi-sided...I’ll buy myself some diamond earrings...Well, like any lady, I have my own joker, for which I am the ace.))))

  Dzhenny you play cards too much...

  And you have a lousy imagination

• I don’t even want to think about it, what kind of priest is this! =\\\

  Color plays an important role in the survival of animals. Therefore, for wild species it is similar to the shades of their habitat (protective color). For example, kulans, onagers, and kiangs do not have a wide “palette” of colors, but they have a wide variety of subtle shades of their basic earthy-sandy-brown color. The color also depends on natural conditions and the time of year. It is determined by the color of the animal’s skin and the hair covering it, the length of the coat, and the distribution of air in the voids of the hair.

  The main colors of horses have long been recognized as black, bay, red and gray. Even Hippocrates (460-377 BC) determined the qualities of horses using them. Combinations of these suits and their shades form other suits.

  In literature recent years there are already 14 main colors of bulanai identified
  brown,
  black,
  bay,
  game,
  isabella,
  karakaya,
  mousey,
  piebald,
  redhead,
  Savrasaya,
  gray,
  nightingale,
  chubaraya.
  Many of them have shades, so in horse breeding practice there are more than 30 names of colors, not counting markings.
  According to the theory of suit research developed by Russian scientists N.A. Yurasov, V.O. Witt, D.A. Kislovsky, all horse colors are reduced to the so-called epistatic (subordinate) series, in which the action of an allelic pair of color genes is suppressed by the gene of a non-allelic pair. In this case, an epistatic (suppressive) gene cannot manifest itself in the absence of a certain complex of hypostatic (suppressed) inclinations. The epistatic series begins with a red color, like a protozoan (PP). Then comes the black (it cannot be formed without pigments, and therefore is epistatic (subordinate) in relation to the red color), then - bay and dun...
  First of all, we must keep in mind that a suit is not just a color or shade, but a certain combination of colors, a type of coloring with a certain distribution of pigments.
  The color of a horse is the color of its skin and hair color. If the skin color is dark, then dark hair usually grows on it, and if it is pink (solid), then white hair grows and the hooves are light in color. There are exceptions, for example light gray horses often have dark skin.
  The color of horses is determined by the pigment melanin. The amount of pigment depends on the ratio of dioxyphenylanine and skin enzyme. The more the body produces the enzyme (dopa oxidase) with a constant amount of dioxyphenylanine, the more colored the individual pigment grain is. The number of pigment grains deposited in each hair and the distribution of pigment spots in the cortex can vary. The type of pigmentation and its location in the body are determined genetically.
  In Russia, the classification and nomenclature of coats developed at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Horse Breeding has been adopted.
  In general, suits can be divided into background and composite. The latter are obtained by adding various white impurities to the background color; they are mixed (gray and roan) and spotted (piebald and forelock).
  Background suits are divided into zonal and non-zonal. Zonal colors (mousy, savrasaya, kauraya) are close to the color of wild horses. They are characterized by an uneven faded color with a smooth transition from a very light, whitish color on the stomach and inner sides of the legs to a rich, dirty shade on the head, neck, withers, back, and croup.

  In the Russian language there are many designations for horse colors and their varieties. However, words such as “chagrave” or “fly” can only be found in ancient dictionaries; modern horsemen use only about 17 names of suits. But this list is longer than that of many European nations. Perhaps this is partly why our classification of suits is somewhat different from that accepted abroad. After all, a lot here depends on the tradition of the language. For example, in English, French, and German there are no differences between savras and dun colors and there is no brown, and bay, red and raven roan are perceived by the French and Italians as three completely different suits, and not a variety of the same thing, moreover, the raven-roan is mixed with sulfur.
  Sometimes “incomprehensible” words go back to borrowings from peoples who at one time had a great influence on the formation of the language and culture of a given country. Thus, the Latin word badius (chestnut, bay) served as the basis for the name of the bay color in many Romance languages ​​- Italian, Spanish, French. Perhaps the words denoting bay-roan color in these languages ​​are of Latin origin. For Spain, the rule of the Moors, famous horse breeders, did not pass without a trace: the roots of the words alezan (red) and overo (one of the types of piebald color) are considered Arabic, and the French adopted these words from the Spaniards.
  At the same time, many Russian names of suits are ancient borrowings from the Turkic peoples. For example, the word “kauriy” is related to the Tatar “kovur” (“brown”). Probably, the word “savrasy” also has Turkic roots, although its origin remains largely unclear; it is associated with the Turkic “sap-sary” - “pure yellow”.
  http://www.horseportal.ru/entsiklopediya-loshadey/masti.html
  http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/b/2/24/313/24313835_masti.jpg